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      Jacob H. Culver, Adjutant General, was born in Mercer county, Ohio, June 19, 1845. Removed to Sheboygan Falls, Wisconsin. 1847. Enlisted in Company K, 1st Wisconsin Regiment as drummer, September 17, 1861. Served through the term of the service and mustered out with the regiment, returning as one of the color bearers. Attended the State University from 1866 to the spring of 1869. Migrated to Nebraska in the summer of 1869; engaged in teaching. Established the first newspaper in Milford, Nebraska, in connection with a former classmate, H. G. Parsons; afterwards engaged in milling and farming. Owns a fine stock farm and an interest in the Town of Milford. Was postmaster of this place eight years. Organized Troop A, Nebraska National Guards, 1887, and commanded it until 1898. Was called out in Sioux Indian war 1891. In 1898 he offered his services to the U. S. Government and was mustered into the 3d Volunteer Cavalry U. S. V., one of the three Rough Rider Regiments camped at Chickamauga until the close of the Spanish war; mustered out and recommissioned as captain in the 32d Infantry U. S. V.; was in charge of the organization of this regiment until the arrival of Colonel Craig; ordered to the Philippines and was in active campaigns in Central Luzon; during one of the scouting expeditions was seriously injured. Returned

to the United States on leave and as soon as he had sufficiently recovered returned to duty in the Philippines again, entering active service, commanding numerous expeditions against the insurrecto forces of General Muscardo and at various times served as Provost Marshal, Post Commander and superintended the establishment of American schools in the provinces where he served. He had four sons in the Spanish war and three in the Philippines and all have excellent records in the war department, the oldest now being a commissioned officer in the regular army. The family have held five commissions signed by President McKinley.

      Captain Culver was instrumental in securing for Milford its only railroad, the largest flouring mills in the state, the State Industrial Home and the Soldiers' Home. He was the Department Commander of the G. A. R. in Nebraska in 1896-7 and is well known in G. A. R. circles in many states of the Union.

      Captain Culver is naturally of a military turn of mind, is an organizer and disciplinarian, prominent in the Grand Army and Loyal Legion, a veteran of the Spanish war and Philippine insurrection. He will fittingly represent these different organizations, having served in the National Guard ten or twelve years and in the recent wars in both Cavalry and infantry and being well posted in modern tactics. He stands high in the War and Post-office Departments and made a State record for economical administration of the Soldiers' Home at Milford of which he was the first Commander.

      General Culver was married in 1870 to Miss Ada L. Davison, and has four sons and one daughter.

     General Leonard W. Colby, Ex-adjutant General of Nebraska, was born in Cherry Valley, Ashtabula county, Ohio, August 5, 1848. Four years later he moved with his parents to Stephenson county, Illinois, where he worked on a farm near Freeport. He served in the 8th Illinois Infantry as a private, 1863-5; was wounded in the siege at Mobile, and captured a Confederate flag in the chargé at Fort Blakely, Alabama. On his return from the war he graduated from the Freeport High school in 1867, entering the University of Wisconsin the same year, taking the regular classical course, and in addition thereto the military and engineering courses, graduating in 1871 with the degrees A. B. and C. E. and the highest honors of his class, and a year later from the university law school with the degree of LL. B. After his graduation in law Mr. Colby went West and entered upon the practice of his profession at Beatrice, Nebraska. He was a Nebraska State Senator, 1877-8, and again in 1887-8, and served under appointment of President Harrison as assistant attorney-general of the United States, 1890-3. On June 25, 1875, Mr. Colby was commissioned first lieutenant of infantry in the Nebraska state troops, and served in the Sioux and Cheyenne Indian wars; in June, 1877, he was commissioned captain of a company of mounted rifles, and the following year commanded a battalion in a 500-

mile march against hostile Indians in Nebraska, Wyoming and Dakota; in August, 1880, he was commissioned captain of the Beatrice Guards; in July, 1881, he became Colonel of the 1st Nebraska Infantry Regiment, and had command of the Nebraska state troops and six companies of United States regulars at Omaha during the formidable strike in March, 1882, when that city was under martial law. For nine years--1887-96--General Colby held the office of Brigadier-general, having command of the Nebraska state troops, composed of two infantry regiments, a troop of cavalry and a battery, leading them into active service in the campaign of 1890-91, during the Sioux Indian uprising. For the successful conduct of this campaign he received the personal congratulations of General Nelson A. Miles, U. S. A., and a gold medal from the State of Nebraska for gallant service. In July, 1894, General Colby and his troops were again called into service to suppress the strike in South Omaha, Nebraska. In December, 1896, he commenced the organization of the American-Cuban Volunteer Legion, with headquarters at Matamoras, Mexico; and during the ensuing year mustered, armed and equipped 25,000 volunteers for the establishment of the Cuban Republic. On June 3, 1898, General Colby was commissioned by President McKinley as Brigadier-general of the United States Volunteers to serve in the Spanish-American war. He was first in command at Chickamauga Park, Georgia, later at Anniston, Alabama, and in January, 1899, at Havana, Cuba, returning to Washington in February, when he was mustered out.

      At the close of the Spanish-American war General Colby again entered upon the practice of the profession of law, and on the incoming of the Republican state administration of Nebraska, he was appointed by Governor Savage Adjutant-general of the state, with rank of Brigadier-general, from which position he retired February 20, 1903, being succeeded by General Culver.

     General Colby has been engaged in the general practice of law in Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado, Dakota, Idaho, Wyoming, Missouri, Iowa and western territories for the past thirty years, with offices at Beatrice, Nebraska, and Washington, D. C. In 1895 he was employed as attorney and legal representative at Washington, D. C., for the Creeks, Cherokees, Seminoles and four other Indian tribes, and obtained in suits against the government in their behalf nearly $7,000,000.

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