thirteen years old; Clara A., Julia E., Emma J., Irene P. and William N. Julia E. is happily married to Morris Dennis, of Syracuse, and is the mother of two children--Margaret and Emma; Emma J. is the wife of Mr. Page, of Syracuse, and is the mother of one child, John; Irene P., now Mrs. Michael McFall, of Cass County, has one little daughter, Anna Laura; Eli P. is at Washburn, Bayfield Co., Wis., where he is a successful merchant; he married Miss Idia Parker, and their home circle includes three little ones--Eli P., Jr., Anna and John M. William N. is a teacher in the public schools of this county.
   Mr. and Mrs. Chatfield are members of the Episcopal Church in this precinct, and in that circle are highly esteemed, as they are indeed in every other relation. Our subject has served the county as a justice of the Peace, Assessor, Overseer of Highways and School Director, and in every instance has done good work. In political matters he espouses the Republican cause, and is looked up to somewhat as a leader. He enjoys the heartiest confidence and esteem of his fellows, and is much valued, as a citizen in the community.

ORACE W. MAXAM. Among the prosperous farmers of Palmyra Precinct the subject of this sketch occupies no unimportant position, being a wide-awake, intelligent citizen, and having as the result of years of industry and good management accumulated a fine property. The greater part of this represents a fine farm on section 20, where he has a commodious and tasteful residence, good barn and other outbuildings, a fair assortment of live stock, modern machinery, and all the other appurtenances of the well-regulated country home. At the head of his household is one of the most estimable and intelligent of ladies, who, from a ripe experience in life, which has not been unmixed with many hardships and difficulties, has emerged an admirable specimen of womanhood, and in possession of those qualities of mind and heart which have secured her the homage and respect of all who knew her.
   Our subject is the offspring of a good family, being the son of William T. and Hannah (Howland) Maxam, who were natives respectively of Jefferson and Herkimer Counties, N. Y. Grandfather Maxam, a native of Massachusetts, was of Welsh ancestry, and carried a musket in the War of 1812, doing good service with his regiment at Sackett's Harbor. The mother's family also was of Welsh ancestry, and Grandfather Howland, also a soldier in the War of 1812, yielded up his life on the battle-field at Greenbush.
   The father of our subject left the. Empire State in 1833 and emigrated to Ohio, locating in Summit County, where he has since lived. During the years of his active life he followed the occupation of a farmer, but is now retired, having reached the advanced age of seventy-seven years. The mother died at the homestead there in 1873, when sixty-eight years old. They were the parents of four sons: Horace W., our subject; Alonzo A., who continues a resident of the Buckeye State; Samuel H., in Van Buren County, Mich., and Lewis L., who is engaged in farming, and resides near the city of Lincoln, in this State.
   The subject of this sketch was born in Adams Township, Jefferson Co., N. Y., Oct. 31, 1832. He was an infant of eleven months when his parents removed to Ohio, where his earliest recollections center, and which embrace some events which occurred when he was but two years old. He was reared to farm pursuits in Summit County, and was the typical boy, being mischievous, agile as a squirrel, and giving his parents no end of harmless trouble and annoyance. He studied his first lessons in the district school, and later spent five terms at Twinsburg Academy. Subsequently he officiated as a pedagogue two terms.
   Upon reaching his majority, young Maxam, leaving the home roof, migrated to Van Buren County, Mich., where he still followed farming, and met his fate in the person of Miss Mary E. McKay, to whom he was married Sept. 10, 1855. He continued a resident of the Wolverine State until after the outbreak of the Civil War. He had now a little family upon his hands, and for this reason watched the conflict without participating in it until February, 1865. He could then rest easy no longer, and leaving his wife and three children in

good hands, enlisted in the 1st Michigan Cavalry, which was assigned to the Army of the Potomac. He was not called upon to engage in active fighting, and the close of the war found him at Remount Camp, near Harper's Ferry, where he was mustered out, and later received his honorable discharge at Cumberland, Md.
   Mr. Maxam now returned to his home and family in Van Buren County, Mich., where not long afterward occurred the death of his wife, who left four children, namely: Frank W., John N., George H. and Mary E. The latter died when six months old. The bereaved husband and father, taking his motherless children, now returned to Ohio, and lived with his father one year. In the spring of 1868 he came to Nebraska, bringing his two eldest children with him, and for two years thereafter presided over his household affairs himself, and homesteaded eighty acres of land which is now included in his present farm.
   In the meantime Mr. Maxam formed the acquaintance of Mrs. Hannah E. (Howard) Robey, to whom he was married Nov. 1, 1870, and who since that time has continued his faithful and affectionate partner, steadily alive to his best interests and those of their family. Mrs. Maxam was born in Boston, Mass., on July 29, 1828, and is the daughter of Sylvester and Betsey (Hayden) Howard, the former a native of Jefferson County, N. Y., and the latter of Hopkinton, Mass. Sylvester Howard was a farmer by occupation, and served as a minute man at Sackett's Harbor during the War of 1812. The Howards were of English ancestry, and the first representatives in this country--three brothers--crossed the Atlantic during the Colonial days., To the parents of Mrs. Maxam there were born ten children, namely: Maynard, who died young; Charles A., Mary W., Amasa, Emery, Eda, Hannah E., Sylvester, Elizabeth and Abel T.
   Sylvester Howard, when his daughter Hannah E. was a child four years of age, removed to Penobscot County, Me., and thence, in 1845, to Rock County, Wis. The now flourishing city of Janesville was then a hamlet of two or three houses, although the primitive court-house had been erected. Hannah E., in 1847, was married to C. K. Robey, and they took up their residence near the embryo town of Stoughton, where there were born to them four children, namely: Jerome A., Mary F., John and Melvin. After the death of her husband Mrs. Robey in the spring of 1868, came to this county, bringing with her two of her children, and homesteaded a claim on section 20, having for one of her nearest neighbors Mr. H. W. Maxam. The lonely condition of each, one with his two motherless children, and the other with her two fatherless little ones, suggested at not a very late date in the period of their acquaintance that the households might be combined with both pleasurable and beneficial results, and their marriage accordingly followed in due time. Mr. Maxam in the summer of 1883 put up their present commodious dwelling, and has from time to time added those comforts and conveniences naturally suggested to himself and his excellent wife. He has now eighty acres of good land, and a homestead which invariably attracts the attention of the passing traveler as one combining all the elements of comfort and plenty.
   Mr. Maxam remembers distinctly the campaign of 1840, when he shouted for "Tippecanoe and Tyler too." He has been a member of the Republican party since its organization, is a strict temperance man, and has held the various school offices of his district. He has been greatly interested in the veterinary science, to which he has given considerable study, and practices quite successfully among the equines of his precinct. He has also a good knowledge of human ailments, and is often called upon to prescribe for his neighbors. His treatment is always very simple, he being strongly in favor of the homeopathic system of medicine.

OBERT STAFFORD, one of the early settlers of Nebraska City, was born in Burton Caggles, Lincolnshire, England, Oct. 26, 1818. His parents were Robert and Christina (Wilkinson) Stafford, both also natives of England, where they spent their entire lives. Our subject was the youngest of ten children, and the only one coming to the United States. His father died when he was a little lad eight years of age, and as soon as old enough Robert commenced to

work out and assist his mother in the maintenance of the family.
   For a time after the death of his father our subect made his home with an Episcopal clergyman, where he received his board and clothes in repayment for the light labor he was enabled to perform. Next he went onto a farm, living with one man years, and later was employed in a flouring-mill until twenty years of age. He then entered the employ of a very wealthy gentleman, who owned a large number of horses, and of these young Stafford was given charge. He was thus occupied until 1853, when, resolving to seek his fortunes in America, he resigned his position, and, accompanied by his bride, set sail for the United States, leaving Liverpool the last of March on the good ship "Plantagenet," and landing in New York City after a voyage of seven weeks and three days.
   Our subject now proceeded to the State of Ohio, and purchased a farm in Richland County, three miles from Shelby. This he sold in 1857, and started for the Territory of Nebraska, making the journey by rail to Davenport, Iowa, and thence by the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers to Nebraska City, where he arrived on the 29th of April. This place was then but a hamlet, and the land a few miles west still owned by the Government. Deer, antelopes and wolves roamed over the prairies, but the young town was the headquarters for many emigrants and freighters, and business was already beginning to assume a lively aspect.
   Mr. Stafford took up a claim of government land about ten miles of the embryo town, and upon it erected a small house, but lived there, however, only about two months. He then moved to Nebraska City, renting a log house on what is now North street, and purchasing a team, engaged in teaming and freighting. In 1858 he began the cultivation of his land, putting in first a crop of corn. Although the season was late, he realized handsome returns.
   During his residence in the Buckeye State Mr. Stafford had visited Iowa and entered 320 acres of land in Berton County. This he now traded for eight acres of land with a good frame house, near Nebraska City, and into this moved his family. In 1859 he traded that property for his present home, at the corner of Sixteenth street and First avenue. Three years later he sold the land he had pre-empted, and with the proceeds erected a building on Main street, where he engaged in business for a period of fourteen or fifteen years. He had for years previously practiced considerably as a veterinary surgeon, and to this still gives considerable attention, meeting with good success.
   Our subject was married in his native Lincolnshire in March, 1853, to Miss Louisa Pepper, who was horn there, and is, like himself, of pure English ancestry. Of this union there are four children living, namely: Annis; Ida, the wife of Rev. A. R. Lemon; Frederick and Nellie. A little girl named Florence died at the age of six years.

K. BRADLEY, who is engaged in the real estate and insurance business, is classed among the most active and enterprising of the citizens of Nebraska City who are taking a prominent part in promoting its growth. He is a native of Lexington, Ky., his birth occurring in that city April 13, 1827. His father, James F. Bradley, was born in Franklin County, Ky., but his grandfather, Thomas Bradley, was a native of Virginia, the date of his birth being March 5, 1761. The great-grandfather of our subject, Robert Bradley, was, it is thought, also born in Virginia. He was a descendant of an ancient English family, who were among the early settlers of Virginia, coming to this country with the Botetourt Colony, which located at Fincastle, Botetourt County, and were the founders of that town. The grandfather of our subject was reared in Virginia, and moved from there to Kentucky, and was a pioneer in Franklin County. He took up a tract of land near the capital of the State, and cleared a farm from the wilderness, which he made his home until death. His wife also died on the home farm; her maiden name was Philadelphia Ficklin, and she was born Dec. 15, 1768.
   The father of our subject was reared amid the pioneer scenes of Franklin County, and, although but a boy, he served in the War of 1812. After he had grown to manhood he went to Lexington, and

was clerk in the post-office there for many years. In 1836 he gathered together his family and his household effects, and with two wagons and six horses journeyed to Indiana, where he had decided to locate, and they cooked and camped by the wayside until they had reached their destination in Rush County. The family lived there four years, during which time Mr. Bradley taught school. In 1840 they again started westward, traveling by the Ohio, Mississippi and Missouri Rivers to a point in Platte County, Mo. There Mr. Bradley cast in his lot with the other pioneers, and buying a tract of timber land, built a log cabin, and commenced the arduous task of clearing a farm. There were no railways in the West at that time, and all transportation was done on rivers. Hemp and tobacco were the principal products of the country. Mr. Bradley improved a fine farm, and spent his remaining years in the State of his adoption, dying in 1878, at an advanced age. He was a man of much intelligence, well educated, of a strictly upright character, and was an influence for much good. He lived to see the wild, sparsely settled country, of which he was a pioneer, become populous and prosperous through the efforts of such men as he. The maiden name of his wife, mother of our subject, was Nancy Keller, and she was a native of Fayette County, Ky. Her father, Jacob Keller, a Pennsylvanian by birth, became an early settler of Fayette County, where he was quite extensively engaged in the distillery business. He was of German ancestry, and spent his last years in Fayette County. The mother of our subject survived her husband but a few months. She was in many respects a notable woman of marked character; she worked hard during her early life, and many weary hours found her cooking over the old-fashioned fireplace, or at the spinning wheel and weaving loom, that her family might be made comfortable. No sacrifice was too great for her to make for her household, which comprised, besides her husband and herself, their twelve children, all of whom grew to maturity.
   The subject of this sketch was the second child of his parents, and he was but nine years old when they moved to Indiana, and thirteen years old when they went to Missouri to make their home in that State for the remainder of their lives. He was educated in the country schools, which were conducted on the subscription plan. He assisted his father on the farm, and remained an inmate of the parental home until he was seventeen years old. He then went back to Lexington, Ky., to live with his uncle, Joseph Ficklin, who was then Postmaster of that city, and he clerked in the post-office until 1849. Then, in the opening years of early manhood, full of desires, ambitions, and energy of youth and health, he determined to try life amid the exciting scenes of California. He went by the overland route, starting from Liberty, Mo., in the month of August, with about 100 others and nearly thirty teams, and arriving in San Diego, Cal., the last of the following December. From there he proceeded on a steamer to San Francisco, and thence to Placerville, then called Hangtown, and in that place he engaged in the mercantile business until 1851. He then disposed of his interests in the Golden State and returned to his old home and friends in Missouri, going by the Nicaragua route to New Orleans, and thence up the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. He engaged in the mercantile business at Liberty, Mo., and later in Plattsburg, Mo., until 1864, when he came to Nebraska City, where he opened a general store. This city was at that time, before the introduction of railways in the State, the headquarters of the freighters across the plains to the mountains, and the greater part of his trade was with them. He continued in that business several years, and later engaged in buying and shipping grain until 1884, when he established himself in his present business as a real-estate dealer and an insurance agent. He has been prospered in his various business ventures, and is now one of the moneyed men of the city.
   Mr. Bradley was married, June 5, 1853, to Miss Lucy Lincoln, a native of Liberty, Mo. Her father, George Lincoln, a native of Kentucky and in 1820 removed from that State to Clay County, Mo., of which he was one of the first settlers. He improved a farm there, on which he made his home until death. The maiden name of his wife was Julia Ann Gatewood, and she is a native of Fayette County, Ky.; she is now living with a daughter in Plattsburg, Mo. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs.

Bradley has been blessed to them by the birth of five children, namely: Eugene K., Graham L., George, Marshall and Julia. Mr. and Mrs. Bradley are members of the Christian Church, and their standing in the, community is of the highest. Mr. Bradley is a Democrat in his political beliefs, and is a strong advocate of the policy of his party.

THNIEL HORNE, Cashier of the Bank of Syracuse, owns one-third of the stock in this institution, the balance being divided among nine others. It was organized as a private bank in 1880, by Messrs. Louis Hoeble and W. T. Peet, who conducted it until July. 1882, Mr. Horne then purchased the interest of Mr. Peet, and in June, 1886, the bank was incorporated under the State law of Nebraska, with a paid-up capital of $30,000. Louis Hoeble was chosen President, and Mr. Horne Cashier, but as the former is absent most of the time Mr. Horne has full charge of the business, which, under his skillful management, is now in the enjoyment of a large patronage from the leading business men of the county. It has paid its regular dividends, and has a good surplus. The building is owned by the bank, and the offers devoted to the transaction of business connected therewith are fitted up with modern furnishings and all the necessary appliances.
   The subject of this sketch began life at the modest homestead of his parents in Ontario County, N. Y., March 5, 1841. He is the son of John and Elizabeth (Niece) Horne, the former a native of New Jersey and the latter of New York State. The family is supposed to be of German and English ancestry, but having pursued their lives quietly and unostentatiously, and not being exceedingly prolific, little has been preserved of the family records. John Horne was a farmer by occupation, and spent his entire life in, the Empire State, passing away at the homestead in Ontario County about 1852. The Mother after the death of her husband removed to Illinois, and died at her home in Lockport, Will County, about 1858 The parental household included four children, the eldest of whom, a son, Richmond, was a wagon and carriage maker by trade, and died in Medina, Ohio, in 1886; Mary E. is the wife of William Samson, of Lockport, Ill.; Othniel, of our sketch, was the third child; Addis, F. is the widow of George Hall, and resides in Chicago.
   At the time of the death of his father our subject was a lad of eleven years, and two years later the family removed to Medina, Ohio. They lived there until 1856, then took up their residence in Lockport, Ill. Othniel, in common with his brothers and sisters, acquired a common-school education, and began his business career in Lockport, Ill., in 1856, as clerk in a general store. He was thus occupied until the summer of 1862. and in June of that year, the Civil War being in progress, he enlisted as a Union soldier in Company G, 100th Illinois Infantry, and prepared to light the enemies of his country.
   The regiment to which our subject was assigned was ordered first to Louisville, Ky., where it was made a portion of the Army of the Cumberland. Mr. Horne participated with his comrades in many of the important battles of the war, being at Stone River and in all the battles of that campaign. The 100th Illinois was first a part of the 1st Brigade, 1st Division and 21st Army Corps, and afterward a part of the 2d Brigade, 2d Division and 4th Army Corps. Mr. Horne at an early date was promoted to Sergeant, and immediately after the battle of Stone River in January. 1863, was commissioned as Sergeant Major. On the 15th of December, 1863, he was promoted to First Lieutenant, and on the 3d of August, 1864, commissioned Adjutant, with which rank he was mustered out in July, 1865, the war having then terminated.
   Mr. Horne was in all the battles of the Atlanta campaign with the exception of the first engagement at Atlanta, in which the brave Gen. McPherson was killed. From Lovejoy Station, in the vicinity of the beleaguered city, the 100th Illinois Infantry with the balance of the command returned to look after the army of the rebel General Hood, and for this reason did not participate in the famous march to the sea. Mr. Horne was at the battles of Chickamauga and Mission Ridge, and by his brave and faithful service secured not only the approval of his superior officers, but the friendship and goodwill of his subordinates.

   After his retirement from the service Lieut. Horne returned to Lockport, Ill., and resumed his old position as clerk in the store which he left previous to his enlistment. A year later he went from there to the Union stockyards, Chicago, as book-keeper for a commission firm, but in the fall of 1866 crossed the Mississippi into Blairstown, Iowa, where he was engaged in merchandising and the milling trade until January, 1874. The reason of the subsequent change was that he had been elected Treasurer of Benton County in the fall of 1873, and at the date above mentioned assumed charge of his office, now taking up his residence in Vinton, Iowa. The duties of this he discharged until the 1st of January, 1877, then resigned, and became partner of a banking firm in Blairstown, where he continued to live and do business until coming to this State.
   Mr. Horne devotes his whole time and attention to the business of the Syracuse Bank, and is the owner of a good property, including a pleasant home within the city limits, and land outside that he possesses he has accumulated through his own industry, having at an early age been thrown upon his own resources, and is thus a self-made man in the truest sense of the word. His early experiences, however, instead of being a drawback, only developed within him those qualities which have formed the basis of a most successful career, and have been the means of enabling him to take a position among the liberal-minded and progressive men of the day. He has always taken considerable interest in politics, and is an industrious worker in support of the Republican party, whose principles he believes to be those which shall sustain the Nation in its onward career to fame and glory. He has held various offices of responsibility and trust in connection with local affairs, and at the convention which assembled in September, 1888, was nominated by his party as their candidate for the State Legislature, and was elected in the November following.
   Miss Nellie Heidy, of LaFayette County, Wis., became the wife of our subject Sept. 15, 1870. She was born April 3, 1850, received a fair education, and remained a member of the parental household until her marriage with our subject. Of this union there have been born three children, one of whom died in infancy. The survivors are sons, Frank and Othniel, the former born July 25, 1872, and the latter Aug. 13, 1879. The family residence is very pleasantly situated in the eastern part of the city, and forms one of its pleasantest and most attractive homes. Mr. Horne, socially, belongs to the G. A. R., being Past Commander of Wadsworth Post No. 21, in Syracuse, is a member of the military order of the Loyal Legion, a Knight Templar, and Past Master of the Masonic lodges at Blairstown, Iowa, and Syracuse, Neb., and a member of the A. O. U. W.. with which he has been identified since 1873, at which time he obtained membership in Lodge No. 21, at Blairstown, Iowa. He is a favorite both in social and business circles, and a man always destined to be of note in his community.

HOMAS THOMAS, who is prosperously engaged in the transfer business, is one of Nebraska City's solid, reliable citizens. He was born July 11, 1830, in Champaign County, Ohio, which was likewise the birthplace of his father, Daniel Thomas. His grandfather, Thomas Thomas, was born either in Scotland or Wales, and, coming to America, he became one of the first settlers of Champaign County, Ohio. He kept a tavern in the town of Urbana for some years until his removal to Illinois, where he identified himself with the early pioneers of the State, and there passed the remainder of his life.
   The father of our subject grew to manhood in his native county, and after his marriage with Elizabeth Traverse, he moved to Hancock County, and became one of its pioneers. The country was for the most part a sparsely settled wilderness, with Indians still lingering about their old homes, and bears, wolves and other animals lurking in the swamps and woods. He bought a tract of timber land, and during his residence there of nearly twenty years was busily engaged in improving a farm in the primeval forests of Ohio. He finally removed to Toledo, and resided there until about 1860, when he came to Nebraska City. While the war was in progress he enlisted in an independent com-