teen years. The land is under good cultivation, and surrounded by either fence or hedge. He does an extensive business in general farming, raising grain, horses, hogs and cattle. Besides attending to that business, which is as much as any farmer usually has time for, our subject is interested in the manufacture of sorghum, having been working up the enterprise for several years. He is now using an evaporator and crusher sent him from Buffalo, which is one of the most complete machines of the kind, and is putting in steam power. He has already given much time and thought, and invested a good deal of money in his efforts to place the business on a paying basis, and he now thinks he sees his way to a profitable end. Our subject has also discovered a fine bank of potter's clay on his farm, and is now trying to utilize that in some manner. His ability and judgment are recognized by all, and he is as anxious to benefit his town and his townspeople as himself, and works for their interests as unselfishly as his own. Having held the various precinct offices he has materially advanced the cause of good government within its limits.
   Mr. Rexford was united in marriage to Miss Susan Torrence, in Percival, Iowa, March 16, 1868. (For her parental history see sketch of Sylvester Torrence.) Of this union four children have been born, of whom three are still living, namely: Willis, Ada and Charles. Both Mr. and Mrs. Rexford are valued members of the Congregational Church and of the Sunday-school, he having been Deacon for more than twenty years. He is also a prominent member of the G.A.R., LaFayette Post No. 61 of Weeping Water.

EN. ROBERT RAMSEY LIVINGSTON, M.D., was born in Montreal, Canada, Aug. 10, 1827, and his father, also named Robert Ramsey Livingston, was a native of Scotland. Gen. Livingston was reared in his native city, and received his preliminary education in the Royal Grammar School, which was then under the charge of Alexander Skakel, LL. D. He afterward pursued the study of medicine at Magill University, in the same city, from which institution he graduated with honors. Subsequently he attended medical lectures at the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York City. A few years later he became interested in the copper mines of Lake Superior, and was appointed Secretary of a company formed for working those mines, spending a part of his time at the mines, and a part at the office of the company in Boston. In 1857 mining, in common with many other branches of industry, suffered a collapse, and our subject resumed his profession as a physician. In 1859 Dr. Livingston came to Plattsmouth, then a small town, and here opened an office and established himself in this profession in this city.
   In 1861, during the absence of the proprietor, Dr. Livingston assumed the charge of the Plattsmouth Herald. While he was filling the editor's chair the Civil War broke out, and he, with patriotic zeal and ardor, took a prominent and active part in sustaining the Union cause. At the time of the arrival of the news of the firing on the "Star of the West," the weekly issue of the Herald was in the press; work on it was at once suspended, and the Doctor immediately had a large number of posters struck off, calling on all loyal men of Cass County to meet that evening in the hall over the printing-office. The call was promptly responded to, and a full company of infantry was organized that night, Dr. Livingston's name heading the list of privates. He was immediately and unanimously elected Captain of the company. To him is due the credit of having raised and organized the first military company in the Territory of Nebraska for the suppression of the Rebellion. This was before there had been any call for troops, but he held his company in readiness, and June 11, 1861, it was mustered into service as Company A of the lst Nebraska Infantry, and was sent South. In December of that year Capt. Livingston was promoted to the rank of Major, and in June, 1862, another promotion gave him the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. A few months afterward he was made Colonel of his regiment. He was a brave and gallant officer, and took an active part in the battles of Ft. Henry,

Ft. Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth and many others. In the summer of 1863 Col. Livingston was appointed commanding officer of the post at St. Louis, and a few months after received his appointment of commanding officer of the District of St. Louis. He served with distinction in Arkansas, and received the thanks of the Legislature of that State for ridding it of the roving bands of guerrillas and bushwhackers that infested that region. The following is a copy of the resolution of thanks passed at that time by the Arkansas House of Representatives:
   "WHEREAS, Col. R. R. Livingston, Commandant of the Northeastern Division of the State of Arkansas, has manifested on all proper occasions an earnest and patriotic desire to ameliorate the suffering condition of the numerous loyal refugees that have been driven from their comfortable homes and firesides by the ruthless, wanton and traitorous bands;
   "Therefore, Be it resolved by the General Assembly of the State of Arkansas, that, in consideration of the sterling worth exhibited in the chivalric and generous character of Col. R. R. Livingston, 1st Nebraska Regiment, Commandant of the Northeastern Division of Arkansas, we feel it to be our duty to, and hereby do express in our own behalf, and in behalf of those who have been relieved by many repeated acts of disinterested humanity, the thanks of this Legislature, and sincerely hope that he will be preserved to humanity, to whom he has rendered such valuable service."
   In the latter part of the year 1863 the regiment commanded by Col. Livingston veteranized, and while at home on furlough he was assigned to duty on the northwestern frontier, to take care of hostile Indians. With his command he soon rid the territory of the savages and restored peace and quiet to the settlers. In the spring of 1865 our subject was breveted Brigadier General. In July of that year his regiment was mustered out of service, and Gen. Livingston laid down the sword for the scalpel, and resumed his professional duties in Plattsmouth. In 1869 he was appointed Surveyor General of Iowa and Nebraska by President Grant, serving in that capacity two years. Meanwhile he became interested in the building of the Burlington & Missouri River Railway in Nebraska, and in 1870 he was appointed surgeon of that road, and held that position until his death, which occurred Sept. 28, 1888, at his home in Plattsmouth. He was a public-spirited citizen, and materially aided the improvement and growth of the State, much credit having been due him for organizing the Nebraska State Medical Society, of which he was the first President one year, and Corresponding Secretary several years. He was also devoted to the best interests of his adopted city, and actively promoted various beneficial schemes for its advancement during the several terms that he officiated as Mayor. He was, from the time of its organization to his death, a member of the State Board of Fish Commissioners, having been President of the same for a time, and at the time of his death was Chairman of the city Board of Health.
   Gen. Livingston was a thoroughly busy man, and in addition to attending to his public and private business, he served for a number of years as President of the faculty of the Omaha Medical College, and gave lectures on the principles and practice of surgery in that institution, and also in the State University at Lincoln. Socially, he was a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity, and was Master of Plattsmouth Lodge No. 6, A.F. & A.M., for four years, and High Priest of Nebraska Chapter three years, and Grand High Priest of the R.A.M. of the State eighteen months. At the time of the organization of the Mt. Zion Commandery No. 5, K.T., in 1873, he was made Eminent Commander, and served acceptably for several years. Politically, Gen. Livingston was a Republican until 1872, when he supported Horace Greeley, and after that time he affiliated with the Democratic party. A portrait of Gen. Livingston, M.D. is shown in this volume.
   Theodore P. and Robert Livingston, physicians, Plattsmouth, Cass Co., Neb., are worthy successors to the practice of their father, the late Gen. R. R. Livingston. The former was born at Dingman's Ferry, Pike Co., Pa., Feb. 6, 1864, and the latter in Plattsmouth, Neb., Sept. 23, 1866. They are both graduates of the Omaha Medical College, Theodore having received his diploma in March, 1885, and Robert his March 22, 1888. They are bright, talented young men, and have a promis-

ing future before them, their practice gradually increasing in this city, where they are well known, and are rapidly gaining the confidence of their patrons.

OHN T. MARSHALL is a man of more than average enterprise and force of character, and well represents the agricultural interests of Cass County, owning and managing a farm on section 25, Weeping Water Precinct, on which he has one of the finest residences in the southern part of Cass County. Mr. Marshall devotes his time mostly to raising stock, paying especial attention to raising thoroughbred horses of the Hambletonian race.
   Our subject was born in England, Dec. 8, 1857, and is a son of John Marshall. (For parental history see sketch of William Marshall.) He lived in his native land until fourteen years of age, working the last two years at the shoemaker's trade, which he learned of his father. At the age mentioned he accompanied his parents to this country, coming directly to Nebraska as soon as they landed. His father took up the land now included in the farm of our subject, and he and his family lived here one summer. They then moved into the city of Weeping Water where Mr. Marshall, Sr., went into business, at first manufacturing and repairing boots and shoes, continuing thus engaged until 1876, when he and his son, our subject, opened a store under the firm name of John Marshall & Son. The store is still standing, being the first, and is still the only exclusive boot and shoe store in Weeping Water. The firm continued business under its original name for five years, and built up a large trade in that time. John Marshall then sold out to his son William, and the firm name was changed to Marshall Bros. The father still continues to work for the firm in the repairing department. Three years later our subject, wishing to devote his time more extensively to agriculture, sold his interest to his brother, Arthur U., and the business is still carried on under the old style, Marshall Bros., although there has been another change, their brother Charles being admitted into partnership, William and Arthur retaining the management of affairs. The farm on which our subject lives was when (sic) his father took it up wild prairie land owned by the railway company, and he paid $10 an acre for it. It now presents a very different appearance with its many valuable improvements, and indeed is considered one of the best farms in the precinct. There is a good grove of forest trees, an orchard of choice fruit trees already in bearing order, and a variety of small fruits, our subject raising all that he needs. There is a good hedge around the farm, and a substantial set of buildings is provided for every possible use, even the stock being housed, Mr. Marshall not liking to have his animals suffer when he is comfortable, reminding one of the saying, "a merciful man is merciful to his beast." He has expended $1,500 on his buildings alone. Mr. Marshall devotes his farm principally to raising horses, cattle and hogs, and carries on a very lucrative business in that line. He is raising a high class of thoroughbred horses, and has a fine Hambletonian mare and stallion.
   The marriage of our subject with Miss L. Medella Smith was solemnized in the month of May, 1880. In the years that have followed two children have been born to them - Clara C. and T. Walter. The elder stays with her grandparents during the school year. Mrs. Marshall is a twin daughter of C. P. Smith, formerly of Plattsmouth, but now a resident of Lincoln. He is a native of the State of Vermont, as was his wife, whose maiden name was Callista Felch. He went to Mississippi to teach before the war, and there his daughter, of whom we write, was born. Soon after the war he moved to Nebraska, and is now living in retirement in Lincoln. His wife is a member of the Presbyterian Church at Lincoln.
   Mr. Marshall is a man whose character is above reproach, and his generosity and liberality are well known, every appeal from the suffering and needy sounding a responsive chord in his large, warm heart. He is faithful in his discharge of his duties as a citizen and as a man, and while a resident of the village of Weeping Water his fellow citizens honored him by entrusting to him the office of Trustee, which position he held for three years. He is prominently identified with the K. of P., the I. O. O. F., and the Masonic fraternity, serving three years as secretary of the latter, and he has held the of-

fice in the Odd Fellows' Lodge up to Representative to the Grand Lodge and District Deputy. He and his wife are among the most active members of the Congregational Church at Weeping Water, and in the Sunday-school. Mrs. Marshall, socially, is a Daughter of Rebecca, a lodge connected with the I. O. O. F., located at Weeping Water. Mr. Marshall is also manufacturing boots and shoes at the village of Avoca in connection with his farming.

DGAR A. STOPHER. As an enterprising and wide-awake business man of Cass County, and one who, through his own efforts, has established himself among the prominent and wealthy men of his community, we take great pleasure in placing a brief sketch of the varied life experience of this gentleman before the public. He is a native of Iowa, born in Princeton, Feb. 27, 1842. His father, Samuel Stopher, was of German descent, and was born in Lancaster County, Pa., but removed from there with his parents when quite young to the Western Reserve in Ohio. He afterward learned the carpenter's trade in Portage County, and subsequently removed to Kalamazoo, Mich., when he married Miss Wealthy French, a native of New York. In 1838, accompanied by his family, Mr. Stopher went to Scott County, Iowa, traveling with teams, there being no railways, and not even a stage route across Illinois, and located seven miles below the mouth of the Wapoo River. He was one of the first settlers of that State, and entering 160 acres of land from the Government, improved a fine farm. In 1860, being seized with the mining fever, he went to the Rocky Mountains and engaged in mining and hotel-keeping, then for a year freighted on the plains. In 1863 he enlisted for one year in the 2nd Nebraska Cavalry to fight against the Indians. When his time had expired he returned to Iowa, and engaged in agricultural pursuits on his own farm. In 1874 Mr. Stopher disposed of that farm, and coming to Nebraska bought eighty acres of land, where he resided until his death, in 1881. His widow is still living on the home farm, in Nebraska, at the age of sixty-nine years. She is a woman of rare Christian character, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. To her and her husband were born three children - Edward and Ellen, both of whom are dead, and Edgar A.
   The subject of this sketch was reared on a farm, and his schooling consisted of an attendance of three months each winter in the district schools of Iowa until he was eighteen years of age. Educational advantages were not as good then as at present, and he can remember when the first High School of his native State was established at Mt. Vernon. In 1860 he went with his father to the Rocky Mountains, and engaged in mining. He also had several claims, but was not successful in his ventures. He continued there two years and then went back to the farm in Iowa with his mother and sister. In the fall of 1863 he went to Omaha, where he enlisted in the same company with his father, Company K, 2d Nebraska Cavalry, and was sent, under command of Gen. Sully, into Dakota, skirmishing and scouting. At the battle of White Stone Hill they routed the Indians, and his father escaped death only by the fleetness of his horse. He served his time, and was mustered out of service at Omaha, in December, 1863, and honorably discharged. Mr. Stopher then engaged in rafting on the Mississippi River, and continued until June, when he returned to the home farm. Sept. 20, 1864, he was drafted into the army, and mustered in as a private, in Company C, 14th Iowa Volunteer Infantry, at Davenport. He did garrison duty for awhile (sic), and was twice sent to Louisville, Ky., serving until the end of the war, when he was honorably discharged at Davenport, in July, 1865.
   Our subject then farmed in Iowa until 1868, when he again came to Nebraska. He came by rail to Pacific Junction, then walked to Cass County, and took up a homestead claim of eighty acres on section 30, Stove Creek Precinct. Having secured his land, Mr. Stopher returned to Iowa for his family, and in the fall came back with them across the country with teams, and settled on his land. It was unbroken, but by incessant toil and skill he had evolved a fine farm from the wild prairie, on which he has erected a handsome residence, a commodious barn, and other necessary farm buildings. He has set out groves of trees, an orchard, built