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     Required: One recitation period of 45 minutes daily for 36 weeks, and two preparation periods daily for 30 weeks, or one-fourth the student's time. The lowest minimum in time attendance as a result of experience or advanced scholarship is 24 weeks, requiring one-fourth of the student's time on the observation work.

     Half of the period is used for observation work daily and the other half for discussion, laying the foundation work for the next day's observation and for directing assigned readings. The student is assigned readings and note book work so as to require the same time in preparation as in any full subject. Notice that in the training course the student is expected to give one-fourth of his total recitation time to observation work and one-fourth of his total study time to preparation for the observation.

     The rule for reckoning the time element is the same as that used by the North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools. The basis for fixing the length of the recitation period and the number of recitation periods per week is as follows:

     About 800 minutes (not to exceed 850) per week in recitation. Divide 800 by the number representing the length of the recitation periods per week. This will give the number of recitations per week. If the length of the recitation period is forty minutes, the number of recitations per week will be 20; if the length of the period is fifty minutes, the number of recitation periods per week will be 16. Forty minutes is recommended as the minimum and fifty minutes as the maximum length of the recitation period. This does not include the time for changing rooms, but time spent in actual recitation. Music, physical training, military training and such cultural work may be carried in addition to the number of recitation periods per week as found by this division.

      The basis of earning credits at institutions authorized by law to grant teachers' certificates is the same as used by the Nebraska high schools accredited to the University of Nebraska.

     No elementary state certificate or second grade state certificate shall be granted by any institution unless such certificate shall comprise all the subjects required for a first grade county certificate, and no such certificate shall be granted on less than a three-year high school education, or its equivalent, plus twenty-four weeks' resident attendance.

     The state board of examiners for life certificates will not consider that a student has finished the required technical work if he Is short on time attendance.

     In determining the equivalent of a three-year high school educa-

tion, the branches required for a first (or second) grade county certificate and the minimum of twenty-four weeks in methods and observation work are constant (required). The other subjects required may be selected from the general curriculum of the high school as laid down in the high school manual.

     In the acceptance of county certificates in the evaluation of a three-year high school education, only those certificates shall be considered which have been granted under the law which went into effect October 1, 1905.

     The standard time requirement for the first grade state certificate shall be seventy-two Weeks beyond a twelve-grade high school preparation, or its equivalent. No first grade state certificate shall be Issued on less than a four-year high school preparation, or its equivalent, plus fifty-two weeks' college attendance, twenty-four weeks of which must be in the institution granting the certificate. Provided, that any student falling below the standard requirement (216 weeks), but having met the minimum requirement (196 weeks), on presenting the regular endorsement of the faculty and in addition thereto a special recommendation from each member of the faculty concerned in the accreditment of such student, may, on the approval of the board of education, be granted the above named certificate. The application of any person for the above named certificate whose qualifications do not meet the above named requirements shall be made a case for special consideration by the state board of examiners.

     "Credits -- The following standard of credits has been established:

     "1. Full credit shall be given for all properly accredited and reported work from high schools accredited to the University of Nebraska.

     "2 Full credit shall be given for all properly accredited and reported work from high schools approved by the state superintendent as high schools of the first class.

     "3. Recognized equivalents of the above named credits.

     "4. Applicants presenting credits from high school or other sources not included in the above may, on approval of the registrar, be admitted tentatively and on satisfactory evidence of ability to carry the work be granted credit for entrance requirement on written examination by the department interested on all subjects for which credits have not been accepted under Nos. 1 and 2 above; Provided, that papers from such examination shall be filed for the inspection of the state examining committee when the committee cheeks the records of applicants for graduation."

     Work in non-accredited schools. Students who have studied In non-accredited institutions and afterward pass a creditable examination In secondary subjects under the uniform state examinations shall be

given credit for four weeks' attendance for each credit point (grade) earned. In such subjects as are not included in the uniform examination, the examination may be given by heads of departments granting accreditment. A credit point is defined as one full study carried for one semester five periods each week; provided no credit shall be given for time on subjects taken in such examinations if credit is already given for attendance in accredited high schools where such subjects may have been pursued as reviews. In all subjects taken under uniform examinations or given by heads of departments to test work taken in non-accredited schools, 80 per cent shall be the minimum grade on which accreditment will be given.

     In Absentia. Students taking work in absentia under the regular instructors of the school and earning credit shall be given four weeks' attendance for each credit point earned.

     For teaching experience. For teaching experience, two weeks' time credit may he given for each year of successful experience in teaching or in supervisory work, provided that in no instance more than sixteen weeks' credit on attendance shall be given for such experience. The regular nine months' term shall be considered as one year in ease the applicant for time accreditment has taught in schools providing less than nine months in each year.

     The following summary of regulations governing the issuance of normal school elementary and first grade state certificates was adopted by the board of- education of the state normal schools, November 16, 1910, These regulations govern in the issuance of certificates to graduates of institutions approved on the basis of the state normal schools.

     Time requirement. Three years of high school education, or its equivalent, plus a minimum of 24 weeks in the institution issuing the certificate, making a minimum time requirement of 132 weeks above the eighth grade, or its equivalent.

     Educational qualification. Such candidate must have not less than 22 high school credit points, reckoned upon the University entrance requirement basis, and in addition thereto must meet the following professional requirements: At least a semester of 18 weeks, or its equivalent review in each of the following -subjects: Arithmetic, geography, grammar, and reading; not less than a half-year of American history, and not less than 24 weeks in the study of pedagogy and the theory and art of teaching, in connection with the observation work.

     The study of the five essentials--arithmetic, geography, grammar, history, and reading-in a professional course must be given with a special view to teaching. Its purpose is to prepare the candidate for effective work In these subjects immediately upon taking up the- profession of teaching.

     The candidate for the elementary or second grade certificate must have completed all subjects named in the requirements for a first grade county certificate. In those subjects accredited at the State University, there must be a minimum of full entrance credit, which is as follows: Algebra, three semesters (for the year 1910-1911 a credit of two semesters in algebra may be accepted); geometry, two semesters; botany, one semester; physics, two semesters; agriculture, one semester; civics, one semester; physiology, one semester, and English, four semesters,

     The re-issuance of the elementary (second grade) state certificate shall be based on 24 weeks of additional satisfactory work in the institution granting the certificate.

     Time requirement. One hundred and fifty-six weeks above the eighth grade.

     Educational qualification. For those matriculated prior to September 1, 1910, 28 entrance credits from accredited institutions will be accepted. For those matriculated on or after September 1, 1910, 30 entrance credits are required. These are reckoned on the basis of entrance to the University of Nebraska. There must be In addition to these a minimum of 24 weeks' attendance and creditable work done in the institution issuing the certificate. The certificate may be issued upon the same professional course as is required for the elementary or second grade certificate, or the candidate may substitute for the -observation required for that certificate not less than 9 hours' additional work in educational theory and practice, or a related educational subject.

     Standard time requirement. Two hundred and sixteen weeks above the eighth grade.

     Minimum time requirement. One hundred and ninety-six weeks above the eighth grade.

     Educational qualification. The candidate for this certificate must have completed a four-year high school course, or its equivalent, which embraces 28 (30 for matriculation after September 1, 1910) entrance points, reckoned on the basis of the University of Nebraska, and must have in addition thereto two years of collegiate work, embracing not less than 50 collegiate hours' credit, from which will be excluded all credit for drills and reviews, as these are looked upon as purely preparatory to teaching. The 50 collegiate hours must be in advanced academic work, and a minimum of 5 -hours in English is required of all candidates.

     Credits will be allowed for subjects taken outside of the course substantially as follows:

     Credit on the high school course (secondary credits). Students holding a second grade county certificate at the time of matriculation may be allowed credit for:

     Students holding a first grade county certificate at the time of matriculation may have credit for, in addition to the above:

     In order to be accepted as above noted, the grades on the county certificate must be SO or above and must be recorded with the office of the state superintendent under the examination law of 1905.

     Students who have taken subjects on the examination for the life professional certificate and earned passing grades may have credit as follows:

     For each high school credit point given as above noted, an allowance of four weeks of time on the attendance requirement will be made.

      The above are allowed only on high school course requirements

      In no case will they be converted into college credit. Credit will not be allowed from a county certificate nor from a life certificate examination for a subject where the candidate's report of work shows that such subject has been taken at school during the time covered by the attendance report of the candidate.

      Credit on the collegiate course. Collegiate credit will be allowed to those who have taken the state examination for a life certificate and have made passing grades as follows:

      The time allowance is granted only where the subjects were taken outside of the institution in which time attendance is claimed by the candidate.

     Credit will not be allowed on collegiate branches when subjects have been taken in recognized schools and given the regular hours' credit and time equivalent.

     Work in absentia. In addition to the above, credit will be allowed as follows:

     For work done in absentia, 4 weeks of time is allowed for each five hours of credit, when such work is adequately guided and protected by the institution issuing the certificate, provided that the maximum time credit allowed shall be 12 weeks.

     Credit for teaching experience and supervising. For teaching experience two weeks' time credit may be given for each year of successful experience in teaching or In supervisory work, provided that in no instance more than sixteen weeks' credit on attendance shall be given for such experience. The regular nine months' term shall be considered as the standard, but eight months may be considered as one year in case the applicant for time accreditment has taught in schools providing less than nine months in each year.

     Each holder of an elementary state certificate, or a professional state certificate good for life shall, before he begins to teach, register the same In the office of the county superintendent of the county in which he shall teach, and for such registration he shall pay a fee of one dollar, which fee shall go into the institute fund of such county. Sec. 15, subd. 9a, S. L. This includes all first and second grade state certificates.

      The following requirements must be met by the state, private and denominational schools in giving eight weeks' normal training for a second grade county certificate and twelve weeks' normal training for a first grade county certificate, as provided in sections 7 and 8, subdivision 9a, school laws of Nebraska for 1907. Said requirements were agreed upon by the State Superintendent of Public Instruction and the State Board of Examiners in a conference held January 6, 1909:

     All institutions desiring such recognition must meet the following requirements exacted of high schools qualifying for normal training:

     (1) Must be accredited to the University of Nebraska with a four-year course of study above the eighth grade, based upon the Nebraska High School Manual Issued jointly by the University of Nebraska and the State Department of Education.

     (2) The minimum equipment required will be as outlined in the bulletin on normal training, a copy of which may be secured from the state superintendent.

     (3 At least two teachers exclusive of the principal, president, or head of the institution, must devote their whole time to instruction in high school branches. Such instructors must possess the qualifications required by section 17, subdivision 9a, school laws of 1907, for high school teachers.

     Students desiring to qualify in normal training must meet the following entrance and course of study requirements:

     (a) For a second grade county certificate, the student must possess a two-year high school education, or its equivalent, before being eligible to credit for the eight weeks' normal training course, which course must give one full period of forty-five minutes daily for eight weeks in school management and methodology, and one full period of forty-five minutes daily for eight weeks in observation, with the privilege of taking in addition thereto not to exceed three academic subjects for full periods.

      (b) For a first grade county certificate, the student must possess a three-year high school education, or its equivalent, before being eligible to credit for the twelve weeks' normal training course, which must give one full period of forty-five minutes daily for twelve weeks in school management and methodology, and one full period of forty-five minutes daily for twelve weeks in observation, with the privilege of taking in addition thereto not to exceed three academic subjects for full periods.

E. C. BISHOP,          
Superintendent of Public Instruction.     

      Boards of Examiners:
            E. J. Bodwell,
            Frank S. Perdue,
            J. Sparks.
     December 9, 1910.

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