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     Musical Carnival.

     "The Next Stage la the Educational Development of Nebraska," Chancellor Geo. E. McLean.

     Greetings were received from Michigan and Oklahoma state associations, and from the N. E. A. committee, Washington, D. C.

     The federation of Woman's Clubs asked to have their association recognized as an auxiliary association.

Self Help in Art Study	Mrs. F. M. Hall, Lincoln.
The Waiting Niche	Dr. Butler of Omaha

     Report of the Reading Circle Board. Membership 2100.

     The report of the nominating committee was accepted and officers elected for the next year:

     President, J. F. Saylor, Lincoln; secretary, Della Sphon, Madison; treasurer, J. E. Delzell, Lexington; member executive committee, W. K. Fowler, Blair; member reading circle board, Anna Gray Clark, Ogalalla; member educational council, C. E. Bessey, Lincoln.

     Moved and carried that the State Association contribute $300 to the Lincoln city auditorium fund.

     Moved and carried that all matter's of legislation be left to the legislative committee of the educational council.

     Moved and carried that the educational council in connection with the state superintendent be instructed to gather during the ensuing year such information from all organized educational agencies within the state as will show to the next legislature the overwhelming' sentiment in favor of an effective compulsory attendance law.

     Moved and carried that Article V. be amended. Said amendment is article V. of the 1910 constitution.

     Article XIII was amended to read like Art. XIII of the 1910 constitution with the exception of "School Board Section" in place of "City Superintendents' and Principals' Section."

     An amendment was made to Art. XVI relative to the educational council.

     Address--Evolution, What is it, and what it is not--Dr. David Starr Jordan, Leland Stanford University.

Report of the committee on resolutions:

     Approved course of University of Nebraska in increasing facilities for industrial education, and the establishment of the office of inspector of high schools.

     That the teachers of Nebraska approve most heartily the efforts of the W. C. T. U. to secure the enactment of such legislation by Con-

gross as will enable states wishing to do so to prevent the sale of cigarettes within their borders.

     That the educational council be requested to prepare a bill in line with the decision of the Nebraska Supreme court which shall provide in a legal way for the free high school instruction of each child within the state who desires to avail himself of it, this bill to be presented to the next session of the legislature. Members enrolled 1089.

     Supt. M. H. Carman of Nemaha county read a paper on "Graduating from the Country School."

     The Organization of County Work . . . . . . . . . . Supt. Geo. L. Farley, Cass Co.

     Need of More Competent Teachers . . . . . . . . . . Supt. J. S. Baer, Lancaster Co.

     Legal Requirements of the County Superintendent--Supt. D. D. Martindale of Knox County.

     Election of officers resulted in the following:

     Supt. C. G. Ellwanger of Otoe county, president.

     Supt. Anna E. Neeland of Box Butte county, secretary.

Lincoln. Nebraska, December 26-29, 1898.

     Music--Hagenow's Orchestra.

     Invocation-Rev F. S. Stein, Lincoln.

     President's address--Supt. J. F. Saylor; Lincoln.

     Constitution amended adding City Superintendents and Principals' Section to Art. XIII.

     Art. XVI with reference to membership of Educational Council was amended.

     Hon. Henry Sabin of Iowa then delivered his address on "A New Gospel of Education."

      Supt. Edward H. Whelan of O'Neill then read a paper upon "If we are passing into a period of greater economy, smaller profits, and

fewer laboring hours per day for the masses, what can the schools do to meet these new conditions?"

     Supt. A. B. Stephens of Holdrege followed with a paper on "How • and why is the home an educational factor?" This paper was discussed by Supt. Wm. Ebright of North Platte.

     Prof. D. L. Kiehle of the University of Minnesota addressed the association on "The necessity of the 'old' and the 'new' in education."

     Address--"The Teacher and the Patriot," Rabbi Emil G. Hirsch, Chicago.

     Supt. J. T. Morey of Kearney read a paper on "How can we prevent overcrowded courses of study?"

     Miss Sarah C. Brooks of St. Paul, Minnesota, spoke to the association on the subject of "School Environment."

     Supt. U. S. Conn of Wayne presented a paper on "To what extent should economy be taught in the public schools?" His paper was discussed by Supt. B. G. Moulton of York.

     The legislative committee, through its chairman, Supt. W. H. Jackson, submitted the following proposed school legislation in the order of highest preference:

 1. Free high school attendance law.

 2. Effective compulsory education law,

 3. Bill establishing school district libraries.

 4. Bill providing for suitable and separate outhouses.

 5. Bill to remove six-mile limit to enable larger districts to be formed wherever desired.

 6. Teacher's examinations quarterly, etc.

 7. Bill relating to the endorsement of county certificates.

 8. Bird day concurrent resolution designated.

 9. Kindergarten certificates in state normal school.

10. Requiring districts to file itemized reports.

11. Maximum levy in districts having few pupils.

     The committee on high schools, through its chairman, Supt. W. L. Stephens, made an exhaustive report on high school inspection.

     The educational council in its report asked that laws pertaining to country schools be given third place in importance in presentation to the legislature, and that the legislative committee be asked to take into consideration (a) Desire of people to have schoolhouses at their doors, (b) Weak districts, (c) Apportionment of taxes.

     The educational council also submitted the following resolution: "In view of the importance of the free high school attendance law and the compulsory education bill, as well as the others contained in the list submitted by the legislative committees, the Nebraska

State Teachers' Association urges upon all educational institutions In the state the importance of bringing these bills to the attention 9f the legislature and of enlisting the support of local members of the legislature in favor of their passage.

     The report of the educational council was adopted.

     The report of the nominating committe was made, and the following officers declared elected:
     President, Charles Fordyce, Nebraska Wesleyan University.
     Executive committee, J. W. Dinsmore, Beatrice.
     Secretary, Anna E. Neeland, Hemingford.
     Treasurer, J. E. Delzell, Lexington.

     Total enrollment for session 886.

     Treasurer's report showed balance on hand $1,356.81, receipts $1227.50, total $2584.31; expenditures $939.52, leaving balance February 1, 1898, $1644.79.

     Dr. A. F. Nightingale, superintendent of the Chicago schools, delivered an address on "Wendail Phillips."

     Congratulatory telegrams were received from state associations In session in Washington; Oklahoma, Kansas, Missouri.

     Resolutions were adopted on the death of Supt. W. H. Skinner of Nebraska City.

     The Nebraska Teacher was named as the official organ of the association.

     "More and better schooling in the rural schools," C. F. Beck,. Lincoln. Discussion, R. F. Adkins, Tecumseh.

     "The true measures of a teacher," A. J. O'Malley, Greeley. Discussion, P. F. Panabaker, Hartington.

     "What I consider the most potent factor in our country schools," J. H. Utterback, Pawnee City. Discussion, Geo. L. Farley, Plattsmouth.

     "The duties of a supervisor," Henry Sabin, Des Moines, Iowa.

     "What should be the limit of the studies pursued in the district school?" U. O. Anderson, Seward. Discussion, Conrad Bee, Fremont.

     "How can we raise the standard of our schools?" Horace F. Carson, Kearney. Discussion, L. H. Leavy, Columbus.

     "Needed legislation for the country schools," J. F. Daly, Schuyler. Discussion, Charlotte M. White, Wayne.

     "Necessary expenditures for the successful running of our country schools," Ed M. Hussong, Franklin. Discussion, D. D. Martindale, Niobrara.

     "Centralization of our country schools," J. C. Morrow, O'Neill.

     Officers elected:

     U. O. Anderson, Seward, president.

     Stella Smith, Trenton, secretary.

Lincoln, Nebraska, December 26-29, 1899.

     As the president of the association, Dean Charles Fordyce, was the speaker of the evening, Supt. W. K. Fowler of Blair acted as chairman.

     Invocation, Dr. D. W. C. Huntington, Nebraska Wesleyan University.

     President's address, "The Problem of Fatigue."

     Concert by the Ottumwa Male Quartet.

     President announced receipt of greetings from Kansas State Association.

     President authorized to send greetings to all neighboring state associations in session.

     Miss Edna D. Bullock gave a report of the Library Section.

     Dr. H. B. Ward, chairman of the Educational Council, in giving his report, stated that it was the opinion of the council that no subject was of more vital importance than the free high school attendance law, and urged that every possible means be taken "to prevent its being thrown overboard."

     Address, Z. X. Snyder, president Colorado State Normal School, "The modern notion of the individual and his education."

     Music, Cecilian Club, Lincoln high school.

     Dr. H. B. Ward of the University of Nebraska read a paper on "Zoology for the secondary schools." Discussion J. H. Powers, Doane College; Irving S. Cutter, Beatrice; H. M. Benedict, Omaha.

     Upon the report of the nominating committee, the following officers were elected for the ensuing year:

     D. B. Perry, Doane College, Crete, president.
     Lucy Williams, Norfolk, secretary.

     J. B. Delzell, Lexington, treasurer.
     J. D. French, Hastings, member executive committee.
     U. S. Conn, Wayne, member educational council.
     H. F. Carson, Kearney, member reading circle board (short term) C. A. Fulmer, Pawnee City, member reading circle board (long term).

     The following motion by C. G. Pearse was carried: "That it is the opinion of this association that the programs should be printed under the direction of the executive committee, and the printing paid for out of the funds of the association, rather than be printed gratis as compensation for advertising given some outside person, firm, or corporation."

     Address: "The Teacher as a Force in Civilization," Chas. F. Thwing, LL. D., President of Wesleyan Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.

     Greetings received from Iowa and Missouri state associations,

     School Architecture, John Latenser, Omaha.

     Discussion, Supt. W. K. Fowler, Blair.

     Psychology and Education, Dr. David H. Major, U. of N.

     Discussion, Dr. A. Ross Hill.

     President read greetings from Washington state association.

     The committee on resolutions presented a strong resolution in defense of the free high school law, and urged an appropriation of $100, or so much thereof as might be necessary to secure competent counsel to defend said law in the supreme court. Resolution adopted.

     The report of the treasurer for the year ending January 28, 1899, showed receipts amounting to $2711.75, disbursements $1299.89, balance on hand $1411.86.

     Total enrollment 830.

     Lecture--" Dewey, Manila, and the Philippines," Hon. Murat Halstead, Cincinnati, Ohio.

     Libraries in the Rural Schools, Supt. D. G. Hopkins, Wilber.

     The Teachers' Institute, Supt. J. H. Robb, Minden.

     The Purpose, Scope, and Value of the Teachers' Meetings, Supt. Eva J. Case, Red Cloud.

     Needed School Legislation, Supt. E. J. Bodwell, Omaha.

     How Can Supervision in Common Schools be Made More Efficient? Supt. W. H. Clay, Holdrege.

     Discussion--Supt. Bertha Thoelecke, North Platte.

     The Question of Wages and Supply of Teachers, Supt. C. W. Jester, Clay Center.

     General Discussion.

     Does Nebraska Need More than One Slate Normal School? Supt. C. W. Crum, Madison.

     Discussion--D. D. Martindale, Niobrara.

     General Discussion.

     Business meeting and election of officers:

     Bertha Thoelecke, North Platte, president.

     Etta Brown, Valentine, secretary.

Lincoln, Nebraska, December 26-28,1900.

     The first general session was called to order by the president, President D. B. Perry, Doane College, Crete.

     Invocation, Dr. Fletcher Wharton, Lincoln.

     Greetings, President D. B. Perry, Crete.

     Concert. Ernest Gamble Concert Co.

     Symposium, The History of Education in Nebraska for a Third of a Century.

     1. Primary and Secondary Schools, Supt. D. C. O'Connor, Norfolk,

     2. State Normal School, Pres. W. A. Clark, Peru.

     3. Denominational Schools, Prof. G. D. Swezey, Lincoln.

     4. University of Nebraska, Prof. H. W. Caldwell, Lincoln.

     Art and the Art Exhibit, Mr. F. M. Hall, President of the Nebraska Art Association, Lincoln.

     Music, Fremont Normal School Quartet.

     Address, "False and True in Current Criticism of Public School Teaching," Chancellor E. Benjamin Andrews, U. of N.

     Discussion of a Proposed Course in Mathematics for the Grades (based upon a committee report adopted by the Auxiliary Association of Teachers of Mathematics in 1899). Prof. R. E. Moritz, University of Nebraska.

     General Discussion.

     Address, "The Correlation of Arithmetic, Algebra and Geometry through all the Grades." Dr. Florian Cajori, Colorado College, Colorado Springs.

     The Importance of Elementary Agriculture in our Schools. Prof. E. A. Burnett, Dept. of Animal Husbandry, University of Nebraska.

     Amendments were made to the constitution, by which another section, the kindergarten section, was added; the school board section to meet at the time of the Superintendents and Principals Association.

     The following report of the nominating committee was adopted and officers elected:

     U. S. Conn, Wayne, president.
     Bertha Thoelecke, North Platte, secretary.
     J. J. Tooley, Broken Bow, treasurer.
     E. J. Bodwell, Omaha, member executive committee three years.
     W. S. Heitzman, Beatrice, member executive committee one year.
     W. H. Gardner, Auburn, member educational council three years.
     H. J. Barr, Grand Island, member educational council to fill vacancy.
    A. R. Staller, Beatrice, member reading circle board.

     Resolutions were adopted on the deaths of Former State Superintendent S. D. Beals, and Supt. Wm. J. Williams of Columbus.

     Resolutions were passed condemning the heartless slaughter of birds; favoring a free high school attendance law; the establishment of more normal schools; endorse movement for the enactment of a law creating a Nebraska Public Library 'Commission; urge Congress to reorganize the Bureau of Education on broader lines.

     The treasurer's report showed receipts amounting to $2408.16; disbursements $1545.19; balance on hand $862.97.

     Total enrollment 1361.

     Address, "Ruskin's Message to the Nineteenth Century." Dr. Newell Dwight Hillis.

  1. Educational Conditions in Nebraska in 1890

W. T. Bottenfield, Nelson.     

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