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© 1999, 2000, 2001 for NEGenWeb Project, T&C Miller
NEGenWeb Project
Resource Center OLLibrary
xc
LEADING FACTS OF AMERICAN HISTORY
Oklahoma, opened to settlement, 359
Peace, justice essential to, 141
rapid growth of, 359; state of, 400
Franklin on, 146, 193
"Old Bullion," 230 (note)
Jefferson on, 193
"Old Hickory," 227 (note)
"Let us have peace" 68
Old North Church (Revolution), 142
the Hague Peace Conference Treaty, 389
Old South Meeting House (Revolution), 139
Great Conference (191?), 431 (note 3)
Omaha, 279
America on the side of, 398 406
exhibition at, 384
efforts to diminish wars, 398, 406, 431 (note)
"Open Door" in China, 389
agreement to maintain, in the Pacific, 401
"Opportunity," America means, 39, 421
See also Arbitration, Disputes, Treaties, and
Ordinance for government of Northwest Terri-
Wars
tory (1787), 170, 172, 211
Peace, efforts to secure industrial, 392 (note), 393,
Oregon, discovered by Drake (1579), 27
398. See also Labor and Strikes
Captain Gray in (1702), 195
Peggy Stewart, tea ship, burned (1774), 139
our claim to, 195, 211, 250
Pemaquid (pem'a-quid), Maine, 82
was held jointly by us and England, 250
Pemberton, General (Confederate), 306
Dr. Whitman and, 250, 251
Peninsular Campaign (Civil War), 297. See also
treaty with England concerning (1846), 250,
Battles and Wars
252
Penn, William, and New Jersey, 65
Oregon, the, in war with Spain, 377
and Delaware, 97
Oriskany (o-ris'ka-ny) in Revolution, 158
and Pennsylvania, 101
Osawatomie (os-a-wat'o-me), Kansas, 267
his faith in the "Golden Rule," 101
Osceola (os-e-o'lah), Indian Chief, 2,36
See also Pennsylvania
Ostend Manifesto (1854), 372
Pennsylvania, granted to Penn, 101
Otis, General (war with Spain), 381
colony settled (1681), 101-105
Otis, James (colonial period), 135, 137
Philadelphia founded (1682), 103
"Great Law" of (1682), 103, 104
Pacific, discovered by Balboa (1513), 21
treaty with the Indians (1682), 34, 104 (and
named by Magellan (1520), 18
note)
explorers an colonists search for the, 19,
freedom of worship in, 104
44, 46
education in, 704
extension of the United States to the (1848),
right to vote in, 104
255
reformatory prisons in, 104
pony express to the (1860), 336
death penalty in, 104
stagecoach line to the (1862), 336
and Mason and Dixon's Line, 92, 93
railway completed to the (1869), 336
importance of Philadelphia, 105, 177
telegraph line to the (1869), 336
See also Constitution, Congress, Coal, Gettys-
telegraph cable actors the (1902), 334, 393
burg, Iron, Petroleum, Philadelphia, Pitts-
our possessions in the, 380
burg, Revolution
the, an the Panama Canal, 390, 391
Pension Act of 1890, 360. See also Laws
agreement to maintain peace in the, 401
Pepperrell (pep'er-el), Colonel (colonial period),
Paine's "Common Sense" (Revolution), 150
115, 116
Pakenham (pak'en-ham), General, British War
Pequots (pe'quots), war of (colonial period), 85
of 1812), 207
Perry, M. C., opens ports of Japan (1854), 264
Palo Alto (pah'lo ahl'to), 252
Perry, O. H., victory on Lake Eric (War of 1812),
Palos (pah'lõs), Spain, 8
204
Panama Canal, 22, 390, 391, 395, 403, 405, 409, 410
Pershing, General, in the Great War, 418, 421, 426,
Pan-American Exhibition (1901), 391
428 430
Panics, business and financial, 239
Peterburg, siege of (Civil War), 315
of 1837, 239-240
mine exploded at (Civil War), 315
of 1857, 269
See also Battles
of 1873, 342
Petition, to the king (1774), 141
of 1893, 364
right of, defended by J. Q. Adams, 230
of 1894, 365
Petitions to King George III (Revolution), 141, 149
of 1907, 399
to abolish slavery, 229, 230. See also
Paper money, 156, 171, 180, 286, 341, 342, 348.
Petroleum discovered (1859), 271
See also Banks and Money
pipe lines for carrying, 272
"Papers, the X. Y. Z." (1797), 188
Standard Oil Company, 272, 357
Parcel Post, 407
Philadelphia founded 1682), 103
Pardon, solicited by General Robert F. Lee, 330
historical importance of, 105
proclamations of (reconstruction period), 330,
captured by the British (Revolution), 159
333
it capital of the United States (1790), 177
Parkman, historian, 238
Philippines annexed (1908), 380, 381
Parks in cities, 396; national, 396
present condition of, 382
Parties, rise of political, 180, 182,238,266,407, 432
Philip's, King, war (1675), 79
See also Political Parties
Phips (fips), Sir William, 115, 116 (note)
Pascua (pass'koo-ah) Florida, 21
Phonograph, the, 344 (note)
Patent office Centennial (1891), 361
Pickett's charge at Gettysburg (Confederate), 305.
Patents, number of, 361. See alto Inventions
See also Battles
Patroons (pa-troonz') in New Netherland, 6-62
Pictures, moving, 344 (note)
Peabody, George, 353 (note)
Pierce (purse), Franklin life of, 262 (note)
Peace, the victories of, 246, 252,364, 365, 366, 389
presidency of, 262
the colonists wanted, 241
Pike's Peak, 278
INDEX xci
Pilgrims, or Separatists, in England and Holland,
Porter, Commodore (Union), 296
67
Port Hudson (Civil War), 297, 308 See also
how they differed from the Puritans, 67
Battles
why they resolved to go to America, 68
Portland, Maine, 82,
voyage in the Mayflower, 69
Portland, Oregon, 278
make a "law-and-order" compact, 69
Porto Rico annexed (1898), 380
land at Cape Cod, 69
Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 82
settle at Plymouth (1620), 69
Postage (colonial period), 129
their form of government, 70
cheap, modern, 350
unite with Massachusetts Colony (1691), 71
Potato discovery of the (1585), 29, 39
what made them great, 71
introduced into England, 28
See also Plymouth and Myles Standish
Pottawatomie (pot-a-wat'o-me), 267
Pilgrims, Catholic, in Maryland (1634), 89. See
Powhatan (pow-hah-tan'), Indian chief, 46
also Maryland
Preble (preb'el), Commodore (war with Tripoli),
Pillory and stocks (colonial period), 130
193
Pinckney, C. C., minister to France (1797), 188
Prescott, Colonel (Revolution), 145
Pipe lines for carrying Oil, 272
Presidential election, the disputed (1876), 345,358
Pitt, William, Lord Chatham (Revolution), 121,
Presidents assassinated, 325, 349, 392
136, 138
Press, printing, the first in the colonies (1639), 76
Pittsburg, formerly Fort Duquesne, I 1(), 121
a modern, 263, 264
the "Gateway of the West," 117, 119, 121
Printing, colonial, 76
named in honor of Pitt {1758), 121
modern, 263, 264
great manufacturing center, 12 1
Prisoners of war (Civil War), 325 (note)
Plymouth Company, the (colonial period), 44, 72
Prisons in Pennsylvania (colonial period), 104
(note)
Privateers in the Revolution, 153
Plymouth named by John Smith, 69
Proclamation of rebellion, George III's (1775),
settled by the Pilgrims (1620), 69
149
Plymouth Rock, 70
of neutrality (1793), 782
Pocahontas (po-ka-hon'tas), 46
of emancipation (1963), 301
Poe (poh), E. A., poet, 238
of pardon (reconstruction period), 330, 3,32
Poems and songs or American history, 10 (note),
Prohibition in Georgia (colonial period), 107, 108
143,188, 204 (note), 207,238 (note), 245, 249 (note),
in Maine (1851), 225
255 (note), 291 (note), 298, 300, 308, 314, 315
throughout the country (1920), 225
Poets, American, 237, 238
See also Temperance
Pole, the North, discovered, 402
Property held in common (colonial period), 45,
Poles in the Revolution, 157
48, 68
Political parties, rise of (1791), 180-182
"This is mine," 48
American or "Know Nothing," 262 (note)
See also Land, Money, and Wealth
Anti-Federalist, 174, 176, 177, 182
Protection, tariff for, 179. See also Tariff
Democratic-Republican, 182, 191
Providence founded (1636), 94
Democratic, 182, 191, 245 (note), 274 (note),
Proviso (pro-vi'zo), Wilmot 1846), 239
366 (note)
Pulaski (pu-las'ki), Count (Revolution), 157
Federalist, 174, 177, 182
Pullman strike, 365. See also Strikes
Free Soil, 259, 262 (note)
Punishments, severe (colonial period), 47, 62, 70,
Gold Democrats," 366 (note)
78, 86 (note), 130
"Know Nothing," 262 (note)
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906), 400. See also
"Mugwumps" 354 (note)
Laws
Populist, 363 (note)
Puritans, origin of the, 54, 67
Progressive, 407
religion of the, 54, 67, 72
Republican (original party, 1792), 182, 274
why they came to Massachusetts, 72 (note)
(modem party, 1856- ), 266
did not believe in toleration, 72
Whig, 219 (note), 238, 245 (and note), 258, 262
in Salem (1628), 72
different parties in 1920, 32
founded Boston (1630), 72
Polk (poke), James K., life of, 250 (note)
colony and mode of government, 72, 73, 76,
presidency of, 250
78, 80
Polygamy, 241, 242. See also Mormons
and New England Confederation (1643), 76
Ponce de Leon and Florida, 20. See also De Leon
action respecting Roger Williams, 74
Pontiac's (pon'te-ak) conspiracy (1763), 122
banish Mrs. Hutchinson, 74
Pope, General (Union), 300
forbade Baptists to preach, 75
Pope, the, divides the world (1494), 1
dealt severely with the Quakers, 77-79
praises American naval commanders, .93
established public schools (1647), 75
Popham, colony of, Maine (1607), 82
the, in Maryland, 90
Population, of the colonies in 1763, 124
differed from the Pilgrims, 67
of the United States in 1775, 141
See also Colonies, Religious Liberty, Suffrage
in 1790, 180
Putnam, General (Revolution), 154
in 1860 and 1861, 285 (and note)
in 1890, 361
"Quaker guns" (Civil War), 298 (and note)
in 1900, 391; in 1910, 403; in 1920, 432
Quakers, or Friends, belief of the, 77-78
centers or, trout 1790-1910, 130
in Massachusetts (colonial period), 77-79
westward movement of, 180
peculiarities of the, 77-78
growth of, in cities, 369, 370
severely dealt with by the Puritans, 77-79
See also Census
in New Netherland, 62
"Populists," 363 (note)
buy New Jersey, 65
xcii
LEADING FACTS OF AMERICAN HISTORY
Quakers, or Friends, make treaties with the In-
Religious liberty, Pilgrims and Puritans seek it
dians, 65, 104
for themselves, 67, 68
in Delaware, 97
Puritans did not grant to others, 72, 74, 75
in Maryland, 90
Puritans required attendance at church, 43, 74
found Pennsylvania, 101
Puritans permitted only church members to
their laws, 66, 103
vote, 73
See also William Penn
denied to Baptists, 75
Quebec founded (1608), 47
denied to Quakers, 77, 78
expedition against (colonial period 115
denied to Catholics, 72, 81
the English take (1759), 121-122
later condition of, in Massachusetts, 81
expedition against (Revolution), 146
in Connecticut colony, 86
Quebec Act (1774), 140 (note). See also Laws
none originally in Virginia, 44, 48, 54, 191 (note)
condition in New Netherland, 62, 63
Raids, Confederate (Civil War), 297, 298, 308, 314
condition in New Hampshire, 82, 83
Union (Civil War), 309, 3 14, 324
enjoyed in New Jersey, 66
Railways, the steam wagon or locomotive (1830),
in Pennsylvania and Delaware, 104
222
in Maryland for a time, 90
first American locomotive (1830), 223
in the Carolinas, 98
first American railway (1830), 222-224
partial in Georgia, 107
first transcontinental railway (1869), 336
complete in Rhode Island, 95
first electric railway (1884), 344, 350
condition in the colonies generally (1763), 125
Interstate Commerce Act (1887), 358
granted in the Northwest Territory (1787), 172
Railway Rate Act (1906), 358, 400
provisions of the Constitution regarding, 95
growth of, 223, 234, 365, 395
See also Catholics, Pilgrims, Puritans, Quak-
general effects of, 223, 224, 337, 395
ers' Toleration, Roger Williams
effects of, on the Union, 337
Removals from office, Jefferson's, 227
improvements in, 395
Jackson's, 227, 228
consolidation of, 357
See also Civil Service Reform and Spoils
overbuilding of (1869-873), 342
System"
strikes on, 346, 365. See also Strikes
Representation (colonial period), 50, 54, 55, 57,
regulation of traffic on, 358, 400
58, 62, 66, 73, 86, 90, 99, 103, 107, 126
total length of, 223, 395 (note)
and taxation (Revolution), 136, 137
Rainier (ray'neer), Mr., 396
in Parliament, demanded, 136, 137
Raleigh (raw'le) sends expedition to Virginia
denied by England, 136
(1584), 28
found impracticable, 141
plants a colony in Virginia (1585), 28
offered by England (1778), 161
plants second colony (1587), 30
refused by the United States (1778), 161, 162
was one of the founders of America, 30
in Congress (1783-1787), 171
"Rally round the flag," song, 308
question of, in framing the Constitution
Ranches (ran'chez), or cattle farms, 339
(1787), 173 (note)
Randolph, John, 214 (note)
effect of the census on (1790), 179
Rapidan (rap-e-dan') River, 302
and the "Federal Ratio," 179
Reaper, invention of the horse (1834), 263, 264
of North and South, 274 (and note)
(and note)
in Congress (1790-1900). See Table in Ap-
modern harvesters, 264, 340
pendix
Rebellion, Clayborne and Ingle's (1645), 90
in period of reconstruction, 330, 331, 332, 340
Bacon's (1676), 57
See also Slavery
George III proclaims colonies in (1775), 149
Republicans, first party of that name (1792), 182
Shays' (1786), 171 172
or "Democratic-Republicans" or Democrats,
Whisky (1794), 186
182
Dorr (1842), 246
See also Democrats
"high-water mark" of the (1863), 304
Republicans, origin of the modem party (1856), 266
Reciprocity (res-e-pros'e-ty) measures, 361 (note)
oppose the extension of slavery, 266, 274
Reconstruction after the Civil War, 330
condemn the John Brown raid, 274
methods of, 330, 331
uphold protective tariff, 231 (note), 361, 366
laws relating to, 331
elect Abraham Lincoln (1860), 273
the President quarrels with Congress, 330,
elect all Presidents (1860-1908) except Cleve-
332 333
land (1884, 1892), 353, 363
President grants pardons, 330, 332
"Mugwumps" act with the, 354 (note)
effects of negro suffrage in, 332
and silver question, 347, 366 (note)
completed (1870), 340
Resaca (re-sah'ka), Georgia, 316
troops withdrawn from South, 345
Resaca de la Palma (ray-sah'ka da la pal'ma), 252
See also Amendments, Freedmen, Negroes,
Resolutions, Virginia and Kentucky (1798, 1799),
Representation, and Suffrage
189
"Red Cross Society" (war with Spain and in the
Lincoln's "Spot Resolutions" (1847), 252
Great War), 383 (note)
(note)
Referendum (ref-er-en'dum) in state legislation,
Resources, natural, of United States, 31, 397, 403
371 (note)
meeting to conserve the (1908), 397
Regicides in New England (colonial period), 87
Resumption of specie payment (1879), 349
Religion in the colonies, 74, 90, 95, 104, 125
Retreat of Washington across the Delaware, 155
Religious Freedom Act (1785),191 (note), 199 (note)
Greene's in the Carolinas (Revolution), 166,
Religious liberty, 66, 67
167
none formerly in Europe, 66, 67, 89 (note)
Revenue of United States, 396 (note)
INDEX xciiii
Revere (re-veer'), Paul (Revolution), 142
St. Augustine (aw'gus-teen) founded (1565), 26
Review, grand, close of Civil War (1865), 329
St. Die (san dee-ay') 17
Revolution, the American, causes of, 135-141
St. Lawrence, the, discovered (1535), 22
protest against Writs of Assistance, 135
St. Louis, 117, 278, 393
resistance to Stamp Act, 136, 137
St. Paul, 278
refusal to import taxed goods, 139
St. Pierre (san pee-er'), 123
destruction of tea, 139
Salem settled (1628), 72
"minutemen" raised, 141
witchcraft (1692), 80
action of Continental Congress, 141, 144
Salt Lake City founded (1847), 242
Continental army raised, 144
growth of, 242, 278
Revolution becomes a war for independence,
Samoan (sam-o'an) Islands annexed (1899), 380
150, 152
Sampson, Admiral (war with Spain), 376, 377,
England's action toward the, 153
378
money of the, 156
San Francisco, growth of, 256, 257, 278
unity of the colonies in the, 141, 150, 152
earthquake at (1906), 399
Tories of the, 141, 149
Sanitary and Christian Commission (Civil War),
battles of the. See Battles
326
foreign help in the, 157, 160, 161, 168
San Joan (san wan), Cuba, 378
treaty made with France (1778), 160
San Juan de Ulua (oo-loo'ah), Mexico, 254
navy in the, 153, 164
San Salvador (sal'va-dor), island, 12
women in the, 166
Santa Anna, Mexican general, 253
England offers representation in Parliament
Santa Fe (san'ta fa') founded, 254
(1778), 161
Santiago (san-te-ah'go), 377
United States refuses the offer (1778), 161, 162
Sault Ste. Marie (soo sent ma'ree), 109
end of the war (1781), 169
Savannah founded (1733), 106
general summary of the, 169
taken by the British (Revolution), 163
See also John Adams, Samuel Adams, Bat-
taken by General Sherman (Civil War), 321
tles, Franklin, General Greene, Wars, Gen-
Savannah, first ocean steamship (1819), 198
eral Washington
Savings banks (1816), 387; Postal, 404
Revolver, invention of (1835), 249 (note)
Scalawags" (skal'a-wags), 332 (note)
Rhode Island settled (1636), 94
Schenectady (ske-nek'tah-de) (colonial period),
entire religious liberty in, 95
114
suffrage restricted in, 95
Schley (sly), Admiral (war with Spain), 376, 377,
See also Roger Williams
378
Rice introduced into South Carolina (1693), 99
Schools, in the colonies, 75, 130
Rich men's gifts for public good, 353 (note), 389
public, established in New Netherland (1633),
(and note)
75
Riches of the United States, 387-388, 397. See
public, established in Massachusetts (1635), 75
also Wealth
common, established (1647), 75
Richmond, the Confederate capital, 284
Governor Berkeley opposed to, 54 (note)
battles around, 298. See also Battles
at the South, 353 an note)
occupied by the Union army, 324
at the West, 172, 385
"Right of search" claimed by England, 196, 201
gifts to, 353 (note), 389 (note)
given up by England, 207, 246
number of pupils in common, 399
American flag protects against, 246
See also Education and Colleges
Rights, Declaration of (1765, 1774), 137, 141
Schuyler (sky'ler), General (Revolution), 158
"state," 189, 232, 234, 274, 277
Scientific discoveries, modern, 362 (note)
"Ring," the "Boss" Tweed, 341
Scotch-Irish (colonial period), 82
Riots, the Whisky rebellion (1794), 186
Scott, General (War of 1812), 205
the draft (Civil War), 308
sent to Charleston (1832), 234
anarchist at Chicago, 356
in war with Mexico, 254-255
See also Strikes
in Civil War, 285-286
Roads (colonial period), 129
"Sea of Darkness," the, 2
Boone's "Wilderness Road," 183
Seals, protection of, 364
Cumberland or National (181-836), 215
"Search, right of," 196, 201, 207, 246
progress westward, 215
Seattle (se-at'el), 278
Lincoln and Dixie Highways, 402
Secession, threats of (1830), 232
Robertson, Western pioneer (colonial period), 183
upheld as right, 232
"Rock of Chickamauga," General Thomas, 308
denounced by Webster (1830), 232
Rockefeller (rock-e-fel'ler), John D., 399 (note)
what Jackson said about, 234
Roebling (ro'bling), bridge builder, 349 (note)
South Carolina secedes (1860), 274
Rolfe (rolf), John, in Virginia, 46
ten other states secede, 276, 284
Roosevelt (roze'velt), Theodore, life of, 377
why the South seceded, 277
(note), 394 (note)
slavery the real cause of, 277 (and note), 279,
in war with Spain, 3 77
301
elected Vice President, 366 (note)
effect of the Civil War on, 330
becomes President, 392
See also Reconstruction and Slavery
is elected President, 394
Sedition Act (1798), 1 See also Laws
presidency of, 394
Seminoles (sem'i-noles) of Florida, 210, 236. See
Rosecrans (ro'ze-kranz), General (Union), 301, 308
also Indians and Wars
"Rough Riders" (war with Spain), 377
Semmes (sems), Captain (Confederate), 312
Rubber, invention of hard (1844), 249 (note)
Separatists, or Pilgrims, 67
Rum (colonial period), 73, 107, 108
Sevier (sev-eer'), Western pioneer, 183
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