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     1. School Changes of the Past Twenty Years.

     Charles S. Coney, Stanton.

       Discussion.

     Thomas Scott, Stockville.
     Anna V. Day, Beatrice.

     2. School Changes Probable in the Next Twenty Years.

     Isaac A. Downey, Hastings.

       Discussion.

     A. V. Teed, Ponca.
     J. W. Mengel, Wahoo.

     3. The Junior State Normal Schools.

       What Have They Done for the Schools?

     Frank J. Munday, Beaver City.

       What Have They Done for the Teachers?

     B. B. Larson, Holdrege.

       Their Future.

     S. L. McBrlen, Lincoln.

Lincoln, Nebraska, November 4-6, 1908.

     George D. Carrington, Jr., presiding; J. L. McBrien, toastmaster; William K. Fowler, master of ceremonies.

     "There were seated at the tables at this banquet 1,040 guests, and at the speaker's table were such prominent figures as William Jennings Bryan, Governor and Mrs. Sheldon, Senator and Mrs. Burkett, Chancellor and Mrs. Andrews, Toastmaster and Mrs. McBrien, and the presiding officer, George D. Carrington, Jr. The banquet itself was served by the ladies of St. Paul's church. The Union school banquet was planned to take the place of the many late banquets which have heretofore been held by the many Institutions, usually after one of the evening sessions."

     "Tomorrow and the Day After," Chancellor B. Benjamin Andrews--Responding for General Association.

     "Diplomacy with Boards of Education," Superintendent Charles W. Taylor--Responding for Superintendents' and Principals' Association.

     "Sunshine and Shadow in College Life," Mrs. W. H. Clemmons--Responding for Fremont Normal College.

     "Personality in Teaching," Dr. J. A. Beattie--Responding for Cotner University.

     "Boost; Don't Knock," Superintendent James B. Delzell--Responding for Peru State Normal School.

     "Some Essentials of Good Citizenship," Judge Harry S. Dungan --Responding for Deane College.

     "Play's the Thing," Superintendent Eda C. Nelson--Responding for County Superintendents.

     "Educational Ideals," Mr. George R. Thomas--Responding for Junior Normals and Normal Training High Schools.

     "Side Lights," President William E. Schell--Responding for York College.

     "Behind the Scenes in Student Life," Hon. Charles P. Craft--Responding for Student Body.

     "Trade Marks of the Profession," Prof. Fred M. Pile--Responding for Nebraska Normal College.

     "Our Farmer Boys and Girls," Superintendent Ida Ma Bosserman--Responding for the Rural Schools.

     "Christian Education," Dean R. S. Calder--Responding for Bellevue College.

     "Gaps in School Life," Dean Charles Fordyce--Responding for Teachers' College, University of Nebraska.

     "Character, the Chief Qualification of the Teacher," Chancellor William J. Davidson--Responding for Nebraska Wesleyan University.

     "The Man of the Hour," Gertrude Gardner--Responding for Kearney State Normal School.

     "The School Man in Politics," Superintendent Robert I. Elliott

     "Our Public Schools," Hon. W. E. Andrews.

     "Our State," Governor George Lawson Sheldon.

     "The New Woman," Senator Elmer J. Burkett.

     "The Freshman in Congress," Senator Norris Brown.

     "Address," Hon. William Jennings Bryan.

     "The Public Schools and the Health of the Nation," Henry B. Ward, University of Nebraska.

     Symposium--Theme, "The High School Problem." Speakers, Dr. E. J. Goodwin, president Packer Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.. Superintendent A. H. Waterhouse, Fremont; Principal A. D. Call, Second North High School, Hartford, Conn.

     "The Crusade of the Country School," Chancellor E. Benjamin Andrews, president of the association.

     Oratorio, "The Messiah," St. Paul's Oratorio Society of Lincoln, Herbert C. Probasco, director.

     Report of nominating committee received and the following officers elected for ensuing year:

     A. L. Caviness, Fairbury, president.

     W. A. Yoder, Omaha, vice-president.

     A. H. Staley, Superior, treasurer.

     W. T. Stockdale, Wisner, member executive committee.

     Edith A. Lathrop, Clay Center, member reading circle board (County Superintendents' Section.)

     "The Cultural Value of Music in the Public Schools," Charles H. Miller, Lincoln public schools. In connection with this address was singing by pupils from the different grades.

     "An Interpretative Recital of the Book of Job," Richard G. Moulton, University of Chicago.

     An overflow meeting was held in the First Presbyterian church.

     "Learning and the Republic," Benjamin Ide Wheeler, University of California.

     Resolutions adopted pledged the members of the association to such efficient service as will merit increase of salaries; announced gratification that free high school law stood the test of the supreme court; recommended action of University Senate declaring against "sneak day" and commend superintendents and principals who have stood against such pernicious practice; following action of National Educational association express conviction that Bible literature should not be excluded from schools as basis for literary study; believe that civil service should govern in teachers' tenure of office; favor establishment of consolidated schools as at Sholes, Wayne county; endorse action of President Roosevelt in appointing a committee of ways and means for betterment of rural home conditions; recommend that the state legislature provide a fund for conducting geographical survey of state; favor enactment of county option law.

     Enrollment, 4,204. Receipts, $5,434.38. Disbursements, $2,839.85. Balance on hand, $2,594.53.

     J. M. Matzen, Fremont, president.

     Florence E. Zink, O'Neill, secretary.

     "The Free High School Law," W. E. Miller, Hartington. Discussion, Eda C. Nelson, Tekamah. General discussion.

     "How Can We Best Conduct Reading Circle Work?" Leoria Fletcher, Imperial. Discussion, S. C. Stephenson, Aurora.

     "Is There Need of More School Legislation?" H. M. Pinckney, Broken Bow. Discussion, George D. Carrington, Jr.

     "School Legislation in Recent Years," State Superintendent J. L. McBrien.

     Frank S. Perdue, Madison, president.

     A. V. Teed, Ponca, secretary.

     "The Rural School and What Good Teaching Is," President John R. Kirk, Kirksvilie, Missouri, State Normal School.

     "Rural School Improvement," F. M. Gregg, Peru State Normal.

     Symposium on Rural School Problems.

     (a) The Course of Study.

     0. W. Neale, Kearney State Normal School.

     (b) The Teacher and the Community.

     Margaret E. Brown, Hall County.

     (c) The Teacher and the Pupil.

     Wm. Ritchie, Jr., Cheyenne County.

Lincoln, Nebraska, November 3-5, 1909.

     College banquet, for state university and college graduates, St. Paul's church. Chancellor Samuel Avery, toastmaster. Chancellor William J. Davidson, Prof. P. H. Grummann, masters of ceremony.

     Normal banquet, for Peru and Wayne graduates, Temple theater. President J. W. Crabtree, toastmaster; President F. M. Pile, Prof. W. N. Delzell, masters of ceremony.

     Normal banquet, Kearney and Fremont graduates, Lincoln hotel. President A. O. Thomas, toastmaster; President W. H. Clemmons, master of ceremony.

     Normal training banquet, for graduates and senior classes from normal training high schools and junior normal schools, First Christian church. Superintendent E. C. Bishop, toastmaster; Director J. L. McBrien, master of ceremonies.

      This division of the association was presided over by the president of the association, Superintendent A. B. Caviness.

     Vocal solo, Arthur Middleton, Chicago.

     In. the report of the committee on educational principles special stress is laid upon revising courses of study and methods of teaching be so modified "as to give to those receiving instruction in the schools confident knowledge in the elementary principles and ready skill in

the primary arts of the occupations which later they will probably follow, and a wholesome respect or possible liking for those occupations;" in "a progressive scheme of industrial! education;" that "there be no division of education into education for culture and education for industry;" emphasized the command of English, numbers, and drawing as being essential for efficiency in any line of work; recommended that, "well organized courses in elementary agriculture" be offered in addition to the work in hand crafts; recommended that the school year be lengthened to forty-eight weeks instead of thirty-six, and that three-fourths of that time be devoted largely to the so-called cultural subjects, and that the summer terms "vacation schools" be devoted largely to industrial education; recommended that the president of the association appoint a committee consisting of the state superintendent of public instruction, the chancellor of the state university, the dean of the industrial college, the presidents of the two state normal schools, three city superintendents, and three county superintendents, to determine upon and propose at the next state association some sane industrial subjects which may be made complementary throughout the state in city, town, village and rural schools. "What Work can Give us Besides Bread," Earl Barnes, Philadelphia, Pa.

     Meeting presided over by the vice-president, Superintendent W. A. Yoder.

     Vocal solo, Arthur Middleton, Chicago.

     Report of committee on educational principles.

     "The Whole Boy in the Whole School," Henry Turner Bailey, editors School Arts book, and director manual training, North Scituate, Mass.

     Greetings received from Kansas teachers.

     Music, selections from "Tannhauser," directed by Mrs. Carrie B. Raymond.

     "How Health Habits are Established," Luther Halsey Gulick, M. D., chairman Playground Committee Russell Sage Foundation, New York City.

     "Beauty in Common Things," Henry Turner Bailey, Editor School Arts Book and Director Manual Training. North Seituate, Mass.

     "How Forestry Can Be Taught in the School" W. N. Clifford, Forest Service of the Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.

     "The Place of Women in the Education of the Future," Earl Barnes, Philadelphia, Pa.

     "Industrial Education and Industrial Art Education--Their Meaning to this Country," James C, Monaghan, Secretary National Society for the Promotion of Industrial Education.

     "The Leaven of the Personal Touch in School Administration," Gilbert B. Morrison, Principal McKinley High School, St. Louis, Mo.

     "Domestic Education in the Public School," Margaret J. Blair, Minnesota State Agriculture College.

     "The Motor Element in Education," Henry G. Williams, Dean State Normal College, Ohio University.

     Report of nominating committee and election of the following officers:

     N. M. Graham, South Omaha, president.
     C. W. Taylor, McCook, vice-president,
    A. H. Staley, Superior, treasurer.
     Charles Arnot, Schuyler, member executive committee.
     Fred M, Hunter, Norfolk, member reading circle board.
     W. E. Miller, Hartington, member reading circle board to fill vacancy.

     Chorus, Selections from "Creation," directed by Mrs. Raymond.

     Address, "Solving the Negro Problem in Black Belt of the South," Booker T. Washington.

     The art exhibit was a special attraction during the association, the teachers being allowed for the first time to visit the exhibit at any hour of the day or evening, free of charge.

     The exhibit of industrial work, under direction of State Superintendent E. C. Bishop, was especially helpful to teachers.

     Total enrollment, 3,799. Receipts, $6,444.53. Disbursements, $3,870.46.

     R. C. King, Nebraska City, president.

     Miss Alice Florer, York, secretary.

     "Teachers Trained in Scientific Agriculture for Rural Schools," L. R. Willis, Hastings,

     Discussion, Frank J. Munday, Beaver City; Meyer Brandvig, Butte.

     "Methods of Conducting Eighth Grade Examinations," Mrs. Ida M. Goodrich, Nelson.

     Discussion, F. J. Vogltance, Schuyler; E. M. Avery, Pawnee City.

     "Athletics for the Country and Village Boy," R. C. Harriss, Fairbury.

     Discussion, W. A. Posey, Hebron; Superintendent Eda C. Nelson, Tekamah.

     "How to Make the Best Use of the Course of Study," E. C. Bishop.

     S. C. Stephenson, Aurora, president.

     O. R. Bowman, Aurora, secretary.

     "The Rural School of the Future," J. L. McBrien, University of Nebraska.

     "The School Room Beautiful,"

     (a) "Ethical and Moral Influence,"

Supt. Edith A. Lathrop, Clay county.

     (b) "My Ideal of the Interior of a Rural School Room,"

Supt. W. A. Yoder, Omaha.

     "Eighth Grade Geography and Agriculture as Outlined in the Course of Study," (Illustrated), G. E. Condra, University of Nebraska. Business Session.

Lincoln, Nebraska, November 23-25, 1910.

     Music furnished by Nebraska Institute for the Blind.

     Report of committee on a "Safe and Sane Course of Study in Industrial Education for the Grades and the High School," A. H. Waterhouse, chairman, Fremont.

     Address, "Normal Culture in Relation to Other Aspects of Education," Edward Howard Griggs, New York City.

Colleges--

     For State University and College Graduates, at the Christian Church, Fourteenth and M streets.

     President, E. A. Turner, Hastings College, toastmaster.

     Dean C. A. Fulmer and Laurence Fossler, masters of ceremony.

Kearney and Fremont Normals--

     For graduates of these schools, at the Lincoln hotel,

     President W. H. Clemmons, Toastmaster.

     President A. O. Thomas, Master of Ceremony.

Peru Normal--

     For Peru graduates, at the New Lindell hotel.

     E. K. Hurst, Fails City, Toastmaster.

     C. O. Oline, Lincoln, Master of Ceremony.

     Invocation, Rev. I. F, Roach.

     Reading, Eugene Knox, head of the Wesleyan School of Expression.

     President's Thanksgiving Proclamation, W. M. Davidson, Omaha.

     Address, "Education of the Desires," Rev. Frank Crane, Chicago.

     The following amendments were made to the constitution:

     Article II, section 1, amended by adding the following thereto:

     "Only members of the association who are actively engaged in the work of teaching, or in the administration or supervision of school work, shall be electors and entitled to hold any office in the association or to vote upon matters of business connected with the association."

     Article III amended to read as follows:

     "The association year shall begin thirty days after the close of the annual meeting of the association each year, at which time all terms of office, except as hereinafter provided, shall, expire."

     Article IV, section 1, amended to read as follows:

     "The officers of this association shall consist of a president, a vice president, a secretary, a treasurer, and an executive committee consisting of the president, who shall be ex-officio chairman of said committee, and one person from each congressional district chosen by the association as hereinafter provided."

     Article IV, section 2, amended to read as follows:

     "The officers named in section 1 of this article shall hold office for one year, or until their successors are elected and qualified, except members of the executive committee, who shall be elected as follows: The members from the first, third, and fifth congressional districts shall be elected for the term of one year at the election of the officers of this association called for 1910; and the members from the second, fourth, and sixth congressional districts shall be elected for a term of two years at the election called for 1910. And at each election following that of 1910 there shall be three members of the executive committee elected from the proper congressional districts each for a term of two years, provided that in the third congressional district there shall be no election of a member of the executive committee until 1913, thus allowing the two present members of the executive committee from said district to serve out their terms."

      Article IV, section 4, amended by adding the following:

     "There shall not be to exceed two meetings of said board (reading

circle) each year, one for the submission of books for the reading circle course, and one meeting for the selection of hooks for said course. The expenses incurred by said members in attendance upon these meetings and in the printing of the reading circle announcements shall be paid out of the treasury of the Nebraska state teachers' association."

     Article VIII amended to read as follows:

     "The executive committee shall hold the first meeting as soon after resolutions of the association and shall devise and put into operation such other measures not inconsistent with the objects of' this association as it shall deem best. Within sixty days after the beginning of the association year it shall mail to all electors who are enrolled by the close of the last general session of the previous annual meeting of the association a printed ballot for a vote on the location of the place of meeting. The name of any city where the association has met within the past twenty years shall be placed upon the ballot at the request of the commercial club of such city, and the committee may, at its discretion, propose the name of one other city which, in its judgment, could provide ample accommodations and facilities for taking care of the association. A stamped return envelope shall accompany the ballot. Each city proposed may prepare for transmission with the ballot a printed argument of not to exceed one thousand (1,000) words, stating the advantages of said city proposed, together with any bonus which it may offer, which argument shall accompany the ballot. The executive committee shall canvass the votes, and the city receiving the highest number of votes shall be declared by the committee as the place of holding the association for such year.

     "Said committee shall secure speakers and arrange the business to come before the association. It shall appoint an auditing committee of three persons. It shall keep a full record of its proceedings and present an annual report of the same to the association. It may secure such paid assistance in any of the departments of work as may be necessary, and pay for same from the funds of the association."

     Article IX amended to read as follows:

     "The executive committee shall hold the first meeting as soon after the beginning of the association year as practicable and elect a secretary from its own number. Four members of said committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. There shall be not to exceed three meetings of said committee each year. The expenses incurred by said members in attendance upon these meetings shall be paid out of the treasury of the association."

     Article XV amended to read as follows:

     "On the second day of each annual meeting of this association at five o'clock in the afternoon, the electors present that day shall meet those present from each congressional district of the state meeting separately for the purpose of selecting a nominating committee which shall consist of five members from each congressional district.

     "The electors present from each congressional district shall, upon meeting, proceed to select without nominations, first by informal ballot and second by formal ballot from among the electors of the association from that district, five members of a nominating committee and the member of the executive committee to which such district may be entitled as hereinbefore provided. "The nominating committee thus chosen shall meet immediately after their election and nominate persons for president, vice president, and treasurer, to be elected by the association at the annual meeting. This committee shall report at the evening session of the association held on the same day, and upon the adoption of this report the several persons named therein shall he declared duly elected to the office to which they were named. "The hour and the place of the meeting of the members of the several congressional districts and the place for the meeting of the nominating committee shall be fixed by the executive committee and announced in the program. "It shall he the duty of the president and secretary of each congressional district electing a member of the executive committee to certify the name of such member to the president of the association and report at the evening session of the association, held on the same day." Moved by Supt. C. M. Sutherland of Genoa, and seconded by Pres. D, B. Perry of Doane College, Crete, that at the time of taking the letter ballot for the place of meeting opportunity be also given to vote upon the time of meeting, four dates being placed upon the ballot, viz., November (election week), Thanksgiving vacation, the week beginning December 18, or the week beginning December, 25, 1911. Carried. * Among the resolutions adopted are the following: "That we heartily endorse the wide spread movement for moral education by means of sane correlation of all forms of school activity so that the product shall be a well rounded and complete social individual, both physical and psychic. "That we appreciate the effort now being made for greater accuracy in the essentials of the elementary school curriculum. "That we urge a still more pronounced recognition of rural schools as an important part of our educational system, whose possibility for increased power and responsibility are as yet not fully recog-

nized, and to this end we favor such legislation as will permit and require a more intense supervision of these schools.

     We view with satisfaction the establishment of additional normal schools which will render unnecessary the long continuance of junior normals and similar temporary institutions for the training of teachers.

     "We favor greater simplification and uniformity in the certification of teachers.

     "We favor the administration of the affairs of all state educational institutions for delinquents by a non-partisan board of control, which will appoint as heads of such institutions men and women of experience, education, and broad human sympathy for those under their charge.

     "We favor the wise extension of all essential forms of industrial and vocational work in our public schools, as well as all legitimate means of satisfaction and development of the play instinct of children.

     "The members of the Nebraska state teachers' association send cordial greetings and words of sympathy and cheer to Dr. E. Benjamin Andrews, for many years the chancellor of the state university and two years ago the president of this association.

     "That he may be spared for many more years of usefulness in educational work is our earnest prayer."

     (The music furnished by the Nebraska Wesleyan Conservatory of Music, University Place, Neb.)

     Address, "The Larger Patriotism," P. P. Claxton, University of Tennessee, under auspices of American Peace League.

     Address, "Moral Education," William Estabrook Chancellor, Norwalk, Conn.

     (The music is by those connected with the Nebraska Wesleyan Conservatory of Music, University Place, Neb.)

     The following officers were elected for the ensuing year: President, Supt. W. M. Davidson, Omaha; vice president, Supt. Edith A. Lathrop, Clay Center; secretary, Supt. W. T. Stockdale, Madison; treasurer, Supt. John A. Woodward, Havelock; executive committee--chairman, Supt. W. M. Davidson, Omaha, ex-officio; first district, Pres. D. W. Hayes, Peru; second district, Prin. E. U. Graff, Omaha; third district, Supt. Charles Arnot, Schuyler; Supt. W. T, Stockdale, Madison; fourth district, Supt. A. E. Fisher, Aurora; fifth district, Supt. S. H. Thompson, Hastings; sixth district, Supt. W. R. Pate, Alliance.

Christian Church--

     Address, "The Strength and Weakness of Schools," Henry Suzzallo, Columbia university.

     Address, "The Place of Will in Man-Making," Herman Harrell Home, New York university.

     (Music furnished by the department of music, Cotner university.)

     "The Relation of Social and Political Theories to Public Education," Henry Suzzallo, Columbia University.

     "Educating the Will," Herman Harrell Hone, New York University.

     Music, furnished by Peru Normal Glee Club.

Christian Church--

     "The Cultivation of the Language Arts," Ada Van Stone Harris, Albion, New York.

     "The Condition of Moral Education in Modern Life," William Estabrook, Chancellor, Norwalk, Conn.

     Music, furnished by University School of Music.

     Piano Forte Lecture Recital: "Shakespeare and Music," Henry Purmout Eames.

     Address, "The Initiative, the Referendum and the Recall," United States Senator Jonathan P. Bourne, Oregon.

     Adjournment.

     Enrollment, 3,721. Receipts, $6,365.22. Disbursements, $3,744.51.

     Frank Pilger, Pierce, president.

     Dorothea Kolls, Grand Island, secretary.

     "Needed Legislation," William Ebright, Lincoln County; Emma R. Miller, Cuming County; Meyer Brandvig, Boyd County.

     "The Teachers' Institute," Josephine Moberly, Johnson County; C. E. Ward, Antelope County; Ruth Erfman, Franklin County.

     "Home and Farm Economics Taught by Effective Correlation," County Superintendent Benson, Wright County, Iowa.

     "Industrial Education," A. F. Becker, Sioux County; R.. C. Harriss, Jefferson County. J. W. Furrow, Hayes County.

     "Supervision,' A. V. Teed, Dixon County; E. E. Hays, Buffalo County.

     "Around the County in an Educational Way," (illustrated with lantern) --County Superintendent Benson, Iowa.

     Election of officers.

     L. R. Willis, Hastings, president.

     Amber Montgomery, Princeton, secretary.

     "State-Wide Movement for the Betterment of Physical Surroundings of Rural Schools," W. A. Posey, Hebron.

     Discussion, Mary E. Foster, Plattsmouth, and Mary Jane George, Nelson.

     "State Course of Study, Its Purposes, Defects, Etc."

     (a) From the Viewpoint of the Rural Teacher--Christine Bremer, York County.

     (b) From the Viewpoint' of the Grade Teacher--Zolla Zinn, Harvard.

     (c) From the Viewpoint of the County Superintendent--Bess V. Crews, Trenton.

     "Calling a Halt in the Expansion of the Curriculum of the Common School," D. C. McAllister, Lorton.

     Discussion--Alice Oliver, Shelton, and Hannah C. Johnson, Albion.

     "Industrial Work in the Rural School," Jessie Fields, Clarinda, Iowa.

     Election of officers.

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